Question: How much would it cost to buy 4 pounds of quick oatmeal ?

Answer: 5.88

granola | $0.64/lb
instant oatmeal | $1.15/lb
quick oatmeal | $1.47/lb
old-fashioned oatmeal | $0.74/lb

granola
instant oatmeal
quick oatmeal
old-fashioned oatmeal

Solution:
Find the cost of the quick oatmeal. Multiply the price per pound by the number of pounds.

$1.47 × 4 = $5.88

It would cost $5.88.


Question: A juice shop tracked how many smoothies it sold in the past 4 days. On which day did the shop sell the fewest smoothies?

Choices:
- Saturday
- Sunday
- Monday
- Tuesday

Answer: Sunday

Day | Number of smoothies
Saturday | 84
Sunday | 83
Monday | 85
Tuesday | 87

Solution:
Find the least number in the table. Remember to compare the numbers starting with the highest place value. The least number is 83.

Now find the corresponding day. Sunday corresponds to 83.


Question: The owner of a plant nursery wrote down the number of roses on each bush. How many bushes have at least 80 roses but fewer than 100 roses?

Answer: 3

Solution:
Count all the leaves in the rows with stems 8 and 9.

You counted 3 leaves, which are blue in the stem-and-leaf plot above. 3 bushes have at least 80 roses but fewer than 100 roses.


Question: For a math assignment, Josiah researched the scores of the people competing on his favorite quiz show. How many people scored exactly 40 points?

Answer: 1

Solution:
For the number 40, the stem is 4, and the leaf is 0. Find the row where the stem is 4. In that row, count all the leaves equal to 0.

You counted 1 leaf, which is blue in the stem-and-leaf plot above. 1 person scored exactly 40 points.


Question: Several people compared how many Web pages they had visited. What is the range of the numbers?

Answer: 7

Person | Number of Web pages
Frank | 61
Haley | 57
Cindy | 62
Ellie | 63
Kayla | 56
Reagan | 61
Nora | 58

Frank Haley Cindy Ellie Kayla Reagan Nora

Solution:
Read the numbers from the table.

61, 57, 62, 63, 56, 61, 58

First, find the greatest number. The greatest number is 63.

Next, find the least number. The least number is 56.

Subtract the least number from the greatest number:

63 − 56 = 7

The range is 7.


Question: A researcher recorded the number of cows on each farm in the county. How many farms have exactly 54 cows?

Answer: 2

Solution:
For the number 54, the stem is 5, and the leaf is 4. Find the row where the stem is 5. In that row, count all the leaves equal to 4.

You counted 2 leaves, which are blue in the stem-and-leaf plot above. 2 farms have exactly 54 cows.


Question: Ava has $13,906.00. Does she have enough to buy a designer handbag and a designer coat?

Choices:
- yes
- no

Answer: no

pair of designer shoes | $7,759.00
designer coat | $5,950.00
designer handbag | $8,180.00
designer ball gown | $8,585.00
designer watch | $3,232.00
pair of designer boots | $5,839.00

pair of designer shoes
designer coat
designer handbag
designer ball gown
designer watch
pair of designer boots

Solution:
Add the price of a designer handbag and the price of a designer coat:

$8,180.00 + $5,950.00 = $14,130.00

$14,130.00 is more than $13,906.00. Ava does not have enough money.


Question: Every summer, Jonathan goes on a week-long canoe trip with his childhood camp friends. After the trip, he usually purchases some oars from the destination city. His collection of oars is organized by year and type of wood. What is the probability that a randomly selected oar was purchased in 2010 and was made from ash wood? Simplify any fractions.

Answer: 3/19

Solution:
Let A be the event "the oar was purchased in 2010" and B be the event "the oar was made from ash wood".
To find the probability that a oar was purchased in 2010 and was made from ash wood, first identify the sample space and the event.
The outcomes in the sample space are the different oars. Each oar is equally likely to be selected, so this is a uniform probability model.
The event is A and B, "the oar was purchased in 2010 and was made from ash wood".
Since this is a uniform probability model, count the number of outcomes in the event A and B and count the total number of outcomes. Then, divide them to compute the probability.

Find the number of outcomes in the event A and B.
A and B is the event "the oar was purchased in 2010 and was made from ash wood", so look at the table to see how many oars were purchased in 2010 and were made from ash wood.
The number of oars that were purchased in 2010 and were made from ash wood is 3.

Find the total number of outcomes.
Add all the numbers in the table to find the total number of oars.
4 + 6 + 3 + 6 = 19

Find P(A and B).
Since all outcomes are equally likely, the probability of event A and B is the number of outcomes in event A and B divided by the total number of outcomes.
P(A and B) = \frac{# of outcomes in A and B}{total # of outcomes}
 = \frac{3}{19}
The probability that a oar was purchased in 2010 and was made from ash wood is \frac{3}{19}.


Question: How much money does Rob need to buy 3 blue glass beads?

Answer: 2.16

brown cat's eye bead | $0.31
white bead with black spots | $0.58
green emerald bead | $0.45
bead with green and blue swirls | $0.18
blue glass bead | $0.72

brown cat's eye bead
white bead with black spots
green emerald bead
bead with green and blue swirls
blue glass bead

Solution:
Find the total cost of 3 blue glass beads by multiplying 3 times the price of a blue glass bead.

$0.72 × 3 = $2.16

Rob needs $2.16.


Question: An Idaho farmer has been monitoring crop prices over time. Per cwt, how much did Timothy seed cost in 2005?

Answer: 7

Crop
Canola
Timothy seed
Apples
Peas
Potatoes

Solution:
First, find the row for Timothy seed. Then find the number in the 2005 column.

This number is $7.00. In 2005, Timothy seed cost $7 per cwt.


Question: The staff of a game show tracked the performance of all the contestants during the past season. What is the highest score?

Answer: 89

Solution:
Look at the last row of the stem-and-leaf plot. The last row has the highest stem. The stem for the last row is 8.

Now find the highest leaf in the last row. The highest leaf is 9.

The highest score has a stem of 8 and a leaf of 9. Write the stem first, then the leaf: 89.

The highest score is 89 points.


Question: How much more does an airplane calendar cost than a map of Africa?

Answer: 3.13

encyclopedia | $10.45
airplane calendar | $13.23
map of the world | $13.10
dog calendar | $11.63
photo album | $25.28
map of Africa | $10.10

encyclopedia
airplane calendar
map of the world
dog calendar
photo album
map of Africa

Solution:
Subtract the price of a map of Africa from the price of an airplane calendar.

$13.23 - $10.10 = $3.13

An airplane calendar costs $3.13 more than a map of Africa.


Question: The shop teacher, Mr. Jones, wrote down how many picture frames the students made last week. How many students made exactly 2 picture frames?

Answer: 2

Picture frames made | Frequency
0 | 15
1 | 7
2 | 2
3 | 14

Solution:
Find the row for 2 picture frames and read the frequency. The frequency is 2.

2 students made exactly2 picture frames.


Question: Erin wants to buy 2 pounds of tin, 2 pounds of aluminum, and 4 pounds of plastic scrap. How much will she spend?

Answer: 20.72

cardboard | $0.93/pound
glass | $0.97/pound
plastic scrap | $1.46/pound
newspaper | $1.89/pound
aluminum | $5.36/pound
tin | $2.08/pound
mixed paper | $1.08/pound

cardboard
glass
plastic scrap
newspaper
aluminum
tin
mixed paper

Solution:
Find the cost of the tin. Multiply:

$2.08 × 2 = $4.16

Find the cost of the aluminum. Multiply:

$5.36 × 2 = $10.72

Find the cost of the plastic scrap. Multiply:

$1.46 × 4 = $5.84

Now find the total cost by adding:

$4.16 + $10.72 + $5.84 = $20.72

She will spend $20.72.


Question: The table shows a function. Is the function linear or nonlinear?

Choices:
- linear
- nonlinear

Answer: linear

Solution:
To determine whether the function is linear or nonlinear, see whether it has a constant rate of change.
Pick the points in any two rows of the table and calculate the rate of change between them. The first two rows are a good place to start.
Call the values in the first row x1 and y1. Call the values in the second row x2 and y2.
Rate of change = \frac{y2 - y1}{x2 - x1}
 = \frac{16 - 15}{8 - 7}
 = \frac{1}{1}
 = 1
Now pick any other two rows and calculate the rate of change between them.
Call the values in the first row x1 and y1. Call the values in the third row x2 and y2.
Rate of change = \frac{y2 - y1}{x2 - x1}
 = \frac{17 - 15}{9 - 7}
 = \frac{2}{2}
 = 1
The two rates of change are the same.
If you checked the rate of change between rows 2 and 3, you would find that it is also 1.
This means the rate of change is the same for each pair of points. So, the function has a constant rate of change.
The function is linear.


Question: A transportation analyst compared various bridges' tolls. How much is the toll for a car on the Oakland Bay bridge?

Answer: 4

Bridge | Truck | Car
Oakland Bay | $6 | $4
Tacoma Narrows | $4 | $3
Fort Madison | $4 | $1

Solution:
First, find the row for Oakland Bay. Then find the number in the Car column.

This number is $4.00. On the Oakland Bay bridge, the toll for a car is $4.


Question: The coach of the Academic Bowl recorded the scores in a trivia game to determine who would represent the school at the regional competition. How many people scored less than 7?

Answer: 8

Solution:
Find the rows for 5 and 6. Add the frequencies for these rows.

Add:

8 + 0 = 8

8 people scored less than 7.


Question: Ivan went to the store and bought 1 pound of mayonnaise, 2 pounds of soy sauce, and 5 pounds of Dijon mustard. How much did he spend?

Answer: 35.64

hot sauce | $5.40/lb
mustard | $5.01/lb
mayonnaise | $2.66/lb
soy sauce | $3.44/lb
ketchup | $3.77/lb
Dijon mustard | $5.22/lb

hot sauce
mustard
mayonnaise
soy sauce
ketchup
Dijon mustard

Solution:
Find the cost of the mayonnaise. Multiply:

$2.66 × 1 = $2.66

Find the cost of the soy sauce. Multiply:

$3.44 × 2 = $6.88

Find the cost of the Dijon mustard. Multiply:

$5.22 × 5 = $26.10

Now find the total cost by adding:

$2.66 + $6.88 + $26.10 = $35.64

He spent $35.64.


Question: Julie counted all the beads in each necklace at the jewelry store where she works. How many necklaces had at least 50 beads but fewer than 90 beads?

Answer: 13

Solution:
Count all the leaves in the rows with stems 5, 6, 7, and 8.

You counted 13 leaves, which are blue in the stem-and-leaf plot above. 13 necklaces had at least 50 beads but fewer than 90 beads.


Question: For a psychology assignment, Reagan kept a sleep log for 5 days. What is the median of the numbers?

Answer: 6

Day | Hours
Saturday | 6
Sunday | 6
Monday | 7
Tuesday | 9
Wednesday | 6

Saturday Sunday Monday Tuesday Wednesday

Solution:
Read the numbers from the table.

6, 6, 7, 9, 6

First, arrange the numbers from least to greatest:

6, 6, 6, 7, 9

Now find the number in the middle.

6, 6, 6, 7, 9

The number in the middle is 6.

The median is 6.


Question: How much money does Wendy need to buy a cockatoo and 8 pot-bellied pigs?

Answer: 553.91

pot-bellied pig | $60.44
tarantula | $29.12
cockatoo | $70.39
chameleon | $72.45
tree frog | $32.13

pot-bellied pig
tarantula
cockatoo
chameleon
tree frog

Solution:
Find the cost of 8 pot-bellied pigs.

$60.44 × 8 = $483.52

Now find the total cost.

$70.39 + $483.52 = $553.91

Wendy needs $553.91.


Question: A recycling center kept a log of how many glass bottles were recycled in the past 4 days. How many glass bottles in total did the center recycle on Saturday and Monday?

Answer: 3,186

Day | Number of bottles
Friday | 7,119
Saturday | 1,565
Sunday | 1,577
Monday | 1,621

Solution:
Find the numbers in the table.

Saturday: 1,565
Monday: 1,621

Now add: 1,565 + 1,621 = 3,186.

The center recycled 3,186 glass bottles on Saturday and Monday.


Question: The parks department compared how many basketball hoops there are at each park. What is the median of the numbers?

Answer: 2

Park | Number of basketball hoops
Canal Park | 9
Kelly Park | 2
Otter Park | 2
Westfield Park | 10
Heron Park | 10
Mooreland Park | 2
Riverfront Park | 2

Canal Park
Kelly Park
Otter Park
Westfield Park
Heron Park
Mooreland Park
Riverfront Park

Solution:
Read the numbers from the table.

9, 2, 2, 10, 10, 2, 2

First, arrange the numbers from least to greatest:

2, 2, 2, 2, 9, 10, 10

Now find the number in the middle.

2, 2, 2, 2, 9, 10, 10

The number in the middle is 2.

The median is 2.


Question: The school cafeteria asked students about their favorite sandwiches before updating the lunch menu. Did more upper elementary students vote for chicken salad sandwiches or ham sandwiches?

Choices:
- chicken salad
- ham

Answer: ham

Sandwich | Lower elementary students | Upper elementary students
Chicken salad | 9 | 14
Ham | 19 | 18
Cheese | 17 | 1
Peanut butter | 20 | 3

Solution:
Find the Upper elementary students column. Compare the numbers in this column for chicken salad and ham.

18 is more than 14. More upper elementary students voted for ham sandwiches.


Question: Bella has $1.71. How much money will Bella have left if she buys a colorful pinwheel and a wooden block?

Answer: 0.57

wooden block | $0.89
small teddy bear | $0.29
rubber duck | $0.30
colorful pinwheel | $0.25

wooden block
small teddy bear
rubber duck
colorful pinwheel

Solution:
Find the total cost of a colorful pinwheel and a wooden block.

$0.25 + $0.89 = $1.14

Now subtract the total cost from the starting amount.

$1.71 - $1.14 = $0.57

Bella will have $0.57 left.


Question: Spencer is a pediatrics nurse who conducts the first neonatal exam on newborn patients. He makes note of the newborns' height, weight, eye color, and heart rate, among other things. What is the probability that a randomly selected baby has brown eyes and has a fast heart rate (>100 bpm)? Simplify any fractions.

Answer: 2/15

 | Slow heart rate (<100 bpm) | Fast heart rate (>100 bpm)
Brown eyes | 6 | 2
Blue eyes | 3 | 4

Solution:
Let A be the event "the baby has brown eyes" and B be the event "the baby has a fast heart rate (>100 bpm)".
To find the probability that a baby has brown eyes and has a fast heart rate (>100 bpm), first identify the sample space and the event.
The outcomes in the sample space are the different babies. Each baby is equally likely to be selected, so this is a uniform probability model.
The event is A and B, "the baby has brown eyes and has a fast heart rate (>100 bpm)".
Since this is a uniform probability model, count the number of outcomes in the event A and B and count the total number of outcomes. Then, divide them to compute the probability.

Find the number of outcomes in the event A and B.
A and B is the event "the baby has brown eyes and has a fast heart rate (>100 bpm)", so look at the table to see how many babies have brown eyes and have a fast heart rate (>100 bpm).
The number of babies who have brown eyes and have a fast heart rate (>100 bpm) is 2.

Find the total number of outcomes.
Add all the numbers in the table to find the total number of babies.
6 + 3 + 2 + 4 = 15

Find P(A and B).
Since all outcomes are equally likely, the probability of event A and B is the number of outcomes in event A and B divided by the total number of outcomes.
P(A and B) = \frac{# of outcomes in A and B}{total # of outcomes}
 = \frac{2}{15}
The probability that a baby has brown eyes and has a fast heart rate (>100 bpm) is \frac{2}{15}.


Question: Reggie wrote down how many spelling words he practiced each day. What is the median of the numbers?

Answer: 7

Day | Number of spelling words
Saturday | 7
Sunday | 4
Monday | 9
Tuesday | 7
Wednesday | 8

Solution:
Read the numbers from the table.

7, 4, 9, 7, 8

First, arrange the numbers from least to greatest:

4, 7, 7, 8, 9

Now find the number in the middle.

4, 7, 7, 8, 9

The number in the middle is 7.

The median is 7.


Question: The table shows a function. Is the function linear or nonlinear?

Choices:
- linear
- nonlinear

Answer: linear

Solution:
To determine whether the function is linear or nonlinear, see whether it has a constant rate of change.
Pick the points in any two rows of the table and calculate the rate of change between them. The first two rows are a good place to start.
Call the values in the first row x1 and y1. Call the values in the second row x2 and y2.
Rate of change = \frac{y2 - y1}{x2 - x1}
 = \frac{9 - 13}{11 - 10}
 = \frac{-4}{1}
 = -4
Now pick any other two rows and calculate the rate of change between them.
Call the values in the first row x1 and y1. Call the values in the third row x2 and y2.
Rate of change = \frac{y2 - y1}{x2 - x1}
 = \frac{5 - 13}{12 - 10}
 = \frac{-8}{2}
 = -4
The two rates of change are the same.
4.
This means the rate of change is the same for each pair of points. So, the function has a constant rate of change.
The function is linear.


Question: A pair of Morgan High School hockey fans counted the number of games won by the school each year. According to the table, what was the rate of change between 2010 and 2011?

Answer: -3

Solution:
Plug the numbers into the formula for rate of change and simplify.
Rate of change
 = \frac{change in value}{change in time}
 = \frac{14 games - 17 games}{2011 - 2010}
 = \frac{14 games - 17 games}{1 year}
 = \frac{-3 games}{1 year}
 = -3 games per year
The rate of change between 2010 and 2011 was - 3 games per year.


Question: The owner of an orchard kept records about how many apples were picked in the past 5 days. What is the median of the numbers?

Answer: 81

Day | Number of apples
Thursday | 78
Friday | 81
Saturday | 83
Sunday | 95
Monday | 69

Solution:
Read the numbers from the table.

78, 81, 83, 95, 69

First, arrange the numbers from least to greatest:

69, 78, 81, 83, 95

Now find the number in the middle.

69, 78, 81, 83, 95

The number in the middle is 81.

The median is 81.


Question: In considering whether to open a new branch, the city council examined the number of times some typical residents went to the library last month. How many people went to the library more than 4 times last month?

Answer: 22

Number of trips | Frequency
1 | 10
2 | 20
3 | 5
4 | 2
5 | 7
6 | 15

Solution:
Find the rows for 5 and 6 times last month. Add the frequencies for these rows.

Add:

7 + 15 = 22

22 people went to the library more than 4 times last month.


Question: Miss Blackburn ran a sit-up competition among her P.E. students and monitored how many sit-ups each students could do. What is the smallest number of sit-ups done?

Answer: 11

Solution:
Look at the first row of the stem-and-leaf plot. The first row has the lowest stem. The stem for the first row is 1.

Now find the lowest leaf in the first row. The lowest leaf is 1.

The smallest number of sit-ups done has a stem of 1 and a leaf of 1. Write the stem first, then the leaf: 11.

The smallest number of sit-ups done is 11 sit-ups.


Question: A farmer wrote down how many kilograms of cherries were sold in the past 5 days. What is the mean of the numbers?

Answer: 8

Day | Kilograms
Tuesday | 8
Wednesday | 10
Thursday | 7
Friday | 5
Saturday | 10

Tuesday Wednesday Thursday Friday Saturday

Solution:
Read the numbers from the table.

8, 10, 7, 5, 10

First, count how many numbers are in the group.

There are 5 numbers.

Now add all the numbers together:

8 + 10 + 7 + 5 + 10 = 40

Now divide the sum by the number of numbers:

40 ÷ 5 = 8

The mean is 8.


Question: A farmer counted the number of apples on each tree in her orchard. How many trees have at least 38 apples but fewer than 63 apples?

Answer: 8

Solution:
Find the row with stem 3. Count all the leaves greater than or equal to 8.

Count all the leaves in the rows with stems 4 and 5.

In the row with stem 6, count all the leaves less than 3.

You counted 8 leaves, which are blue in the stem-and-leaf plots above. 8 trees have at least 38 apples but fewer than 63 apples.


Question: An administrator at the Department of Motor Vehicles (DMV) tracked the average wait time from month to month. According to the table, what was the rate of change between September and October?

Answer: 0

Month | Waiting time (minutes)
June | 34
July | 32
August | 37
September | 38
October | 38

Solution:
Plug the numbers into the formula for rate of change and simplify.
Rate of change
 = \frac{change in value}{change in time}
 = \frac{38 minutes - 38 minutes}{1 month}
 = \frac{0 minutes}{1 month}
 = 0 minutes per month
The rate of change between September and October was 0 minutes per month.


Question: Kayla kept a tally of the number of emails she received each day for a week. According to the table, what was the rate of change between Friday and Saturday?

Answer: -3

Day | Emails
Tuesday | 3
Wednesday | 7
Thursday | 10
Friday | 10
Saturday | 7

Solution:
Plug the numbers into the formula for rate of change and simplify.
Rate of change
 = \frac{change in value}{change in time}
 = \frac{7 emails - 10 emails}{1 day}
 = \frac{-3 emails}{1 day}
 = -3 emails per day
The rate of change between Friday and Saturday was - 3 emails per day.


Question: A creative writing class compiled a list of their favorite superheroes. They listed each superhero's superpower and personality flaw. What is the probability that a randomly selected superhero is forgetful and can read minds? Simplify any fractions.

Answer: 5/18

 | Fly | Read minds
Forgetful | 4 | 5
Lazy | 5 | 4

Solution:
Let A be the event "the superhero is forgetful" and B be the event "the superhero can read minds".
To find the probability that a superhero is forgetful and can read minds, first identify the sample space and the event.
The outcomes in the sample space are the different superheroes. Each superhero is equally likely to be selected, so this is a uniform probability model.
The event is A and B, "the superhero is forgetful and can read minds".
Since this is a uniform probability model, count the number of outcomes in the event A and B and count the total number of outcomes. Then, divide them to compute the probability.

Find the number of outcomes in the event A and B.
A and B is the event "the superhero is forgetful and can read minds", so look at the table to see how many superheroes are forgetful and can read minds.
The number of superheroes who are forgetful and can read minds is 5.

Find the total number of outcomes.
Add all the numbers in the table to find the total number of superheroes.
4 + 5 + 5 + 4 = 18

Find P(A and B).
Since all outcomes are equally likely, the probability of event A and B is the number of outcomes in event A and B divided by the total number of outcomes.
P(A and B) = \frac{# of outcomes in A and B}{total # of outcomes}
 = \frac{5}{18}
The probability that a superhero is forgetful and can read minds is \frac{5}{18}.


Question: While working as a summer camp counselor, Florence monitored how many candy necklaces each child made. How many children made more than 1 candy necklace?

Answer: 30

Candy necklaces made | Frequency
0 | 20
1 | 3
2 | 16
3 | 0
4 | 14

Solution:
Find the rows for 2, 3, and 4 candy necklaces. Add the frequencies for these rows.

Add:

16 + 0 + 14 = 30

30 children made more than 1 candy necklace.


Question: The table shows a function. Is the function linear or nonlinear?

Choices:
- linear
- nonlinear

Answer: linear

Solution:
To determine whether the function is linear or nonlinear, see whether it has a constant rate of change.
Pick the points in any two rows of the table and calculate the rate of change between them. The first two rows are a good place to start.
Call the values in the first row x1 and y1. Call the values in the second row x2 and y2.
Rate of change = \frac{y2 - y1}{x2 - x1}
 = \frac{11 - 13}{13 - 12}
 = \frac{-2}{1}
 = -2
Now pick any other two rows and calculate the rate of change between them.
Call the values in the second row x1 and y1. Call the values in the third row x2 and y2.
Rate of change = \frac{y2 - y1}{x2 - x1}
 = \frac{9 - 11}{14 - 13}
 = \frac{-2}{1}
 = -2
The two rates of change are the same.
2.
This means the rate of change is the same for each pair of points. So, the function has a constant rate of change.
The function is linear.


Question: If Judith buys 3+9/10 kilograms of felt scraps, how much will she spend?

Answer: 15.60

canvas scraps | $4/kilogram
silk scraps | $3/kilogram
felt scraps | $4/kilogram
faux fur scraps | $4/kilogram

canvas scraps
silk scraps
felt scraps
faux fur scraps

Solution:
Find the cost of the felt scraps. Multiply the price per kilogram by the number of kilograms.
$4 × 3\frac{9}{10} = $4 × 3.9 = $15.60
She will spend $15.60.


Question: Principal Levin reported the state test scores from some students at her school. How many students scored at least 10 points?

Answer: 24

Solution:
Count all the leaves in the rows with stems 1, 2, 3, 4, and 5.

You counted 24 leaves, which are blue in the stem-and-leaf plot above. 24 students scored at least 10 points.


Question: An Idaho farmer has been monitoring crop prices over time. In 2003, how much more did lentils cost per cwt than onions?

Answer: 7

Crop Apples Onions Lentils Potatoes Canola

Solution:
Find the 2003 column. Find the numbers in this column for lentils and onions.

lentils: $18.00
onions: $11.00

Now subtract:

$18.00 − $11.00 = $7.00

In 2003, lentils cost $7 more per cwt than onions.


Question: To determine whether people make fewer trips to the movies when the economy is bad, a reporter asked people how many movies they saw last month. How many people went to the movies more than 3 times?

Answer: 16

Solution:
Find the rows for 4 and 5 times. Add the frequencies for these rows.

Add:

12 + 4 = 16

16 people went to the movies more than 3 times.


Question: How much money does Ellie need to buy 9 pink sweaters and 7 pairs of tennis shoes?

Answer: 88.21

pair of tennis shoes | $7.24
plaid scarf | $5.58
purple T-shirt | $9.48
pink sweater | $4.17

pair of tennis shoes
plaid scarf
purple T-shirt
pink sweater

Solution:
Find the cost of 9 pink sweaters.

$4.17 × 9 = $37.53

Find the cost of 7 pairs of tennis shoes.

$7.24 × 7 = $50.68

Now find the total cost.

$37.53 + $50.68 = $88.21

Ellie needs $88.21.


Question: Allie graphed the amount of snow that fell in the last 7 days. What is the median of the numbers?

Answer: 2

Day | Snowfall (inches)
Wednesday | 0
Thursday | 4
Friday | 2
Saturday | 1
Sunday | 1
Monday | 2
Tuesday | 2

Wednesday Thursday Friday Saturday Sunday Monday Tuesday

Solution:
Read the numbers from the table.

0, 4, 2, 1, 1, 2, 2

First, arrange the numbers from least to greatest:

0, 1, 1, 2, 2, 2, 4

Now find the number in the middle.

0, 1, 1, 2, 2, 2, 4

The number in the middle is 2.

The median is 2.


Question: Connor's P.E. class participated in a push-up competition, and Connor wrote down how many push-ups each person could do. How many people did at least 43 push-ups but fewer than 63 push-ups?

Answer: 7

Push-up competition (number of push-ups)

Solution:
Find the row with stem 4. Count all the leaves greater than or equal to 3.

Count all the leaves in the row with stem 5.

In the row with stem 6, count all the leaves less than 3.

You counted 7 leaves, which are blue in the stem-and-leaf plots above. 7 people did at least 43 push-ups but fewer than 63 push-ups.


Question: A real estate agent evaluated the number of houses sold this year in each town in Taylor County. What fraction of houses sold in Taylor County were in Stamford? Simplify your answer.

Answer: 48/103

Town | Number of houses sold
Livingston | 270
Stamford | 480
Other | 280

Solution:
Find how many houses were sold in Stamford.

480

Find how many houses were sold in total.

270 + 480 + 280 = 1,030

Divide 480 by1,030.

\frac{480}{1,030}

Reduce the fraction.

\frac{480}{1,030} → \frac{48}{103}

\frac{48}{103} of houses were sold in Stamford.


Question: Bernard has $0.10. Does he have enough to buy a lemon drop and a sour apple candy?

Choices:
- yes
- no

Answer: yes

sour apple candy | $0.07
lemon drop | $0.03
gum drop | $0.01
gummy bear | $0.05
cinnamon candy | $0.05

sour apple candy
lemon drop
gum drop
gummy bear
cinnamon candy

Solution:
Add the price of a lemon drop and the price of a sour apple candy:

$0.03 + $0.07 = $0.10

Since Bernard has $0.10, he has just enough money.


Question: Norma kept track of how many kilometers she walked during the past 7 days. What is the mean of the numbers?

Answer: 10

Day | Kilometers
Friday | 7
Saturday | 19
Sunday | 15
Monday | 7
Tuesday | 12
Wednesday | 5
Thursday | 5

Friday Saturday Sunday Monday Tuesday Wednesday Thursday

Solution:
Read the numbers from the table.

7, 19, 15, 7, 12, 5, 5

First, count how many numbers are in the group.

There are 7 numbers.

Now add all the numbers together:

7 + 19 + 15 + 7 + 12 + 5 + 5 = 70

Now divide the sum by the number of numbers:

70 ÷ 7 = 10

The mean is 10.


Question: At a candy factory, butterscotch candies were packaged into bags of different sizes. What is the smallest number of butterscotch candies?

Answer: 9

Solution:
Look at the first row of the stem-and-leaf plot. The first row has the lowest stem. The stem for the first row is 0.

Now find the lowest leaf in the first row. The lowest leaf is 9.

The smallest number of butterscotch candies has a stem of 0 and a leaf of 9. Write the stem first, then the leaf: 09.

The smallest number of butterscotch candies is 9 butterscotch candies.


Question: For an assignment, Ian looked at which countries got the most Nobel Prizes in various decades. In the 1970s, how many more Nobel Prize winners did Russia have than Holland?

Answer: 3

Country | 1970s | 1980s
Russia | 5 | 1
Germany | 9 | 11
Holland | 2 | 2
Italy | 2 | 3

Solution:
Find the 1970 s column. Find the numbers in this column for Russia and Holland.

Russia: 5
Holland: 2

Now subtract:

5 − 2 = 3

Russia had 3 more Nobel Prize winners in the 1970 s than Holland.


Question: The bird-watching club recorded how many birds its members saw each month. How many more birds did the club see in April than in May?

Answer: 107

Month | Number of birds
April | 488
May | 381
June | 689

Solution:
Find the numbers in the table.

April: 488
May: 381

Now subtract: 488 - 381 = 107.

The club saw 107 more birds in April.


Question: Mrs. McConnell hosts an annual art contest for kids, and she keeps a record of the number of entries each year. According to the table, what was the rate of change between 2017 and 2018?

Answer: -7

Solution:
Plug the numbers into the formula for rate of change and simplify.
Rate of change
 = \frac{change in value}{change in time}
 = \frac{43 entries - 50 entries}{2018 - 2017}
 = \frac{43 entries - 50 entries}{1 year}
 = \frac{-7 entries}{1 year}
 = -7 entries per year
The rate of change between 2017 and 2018 was - 7 entries per year.


Question: The art club examined how many cookies each student baked for the bake sale. Who baked the most cookies?

Choices:
- Roy
- Jill
- Shawn
- Gwen

Answer: Jill

Name | Number of cookies
Roy | 138
Jill | 182
Shawn | 118
Gwen | 131

Solution:
Find the greatest number in the table. Remember to compare the numbers starting with the highest place value. The greatest number is 182.

Now find the corresponding name. Jill corresponds to 182.


Question: How much money does Natalie need to buy 2 online ads?

Answer: 5,900

online ad | $2,950
billboard ad | $5,822
TV ad | $6,757
magazine ad | $8,747

online ad
billboard ad
TV ad
magazine ad

Solution:
Find the total cost of 2 online ads by multiplying 2 times the price of an online ad.

$2,950 × 2 = $5,900

Natalie needs $5,900.


Question: Denise has $5.12. How much money will Denise have left if she buys a package of hamburger buns and a bag of marshmallows?

Answer: 2.10

package of hot dog buns | $1.81
carton of yogurt | $1.99
bag of marshmallows | $1.08
package of hamburger buns | $1.94
frozen pizza | $5.02

package of hot dog buns
carton of yogurt
bag of marshmallows
package of hamburger buns
frozen pizza

Solution:
Find the total cost of a package of hamburger buns and a bag of marshmallows.

$1.94 + $1.08 = $3.02

Now subtract the total cost from the starting amount.

$5.12 - $3.02 = $2.10

Denise will have $2.10 left.


Question: How much more does grilled eggplant cost than a green salad?

Answer: 5

green salad | $4.00
pasta with tomato sauce | $7.00
steamed broccoli | $7.00
grilled eggplant | $9.00
cheese pizza | $6.00

green salad
pasta with tomato sauce
steamed broccoli
grilled eggplant
cheese pizza

Solution:
Subtract the price of a green salad from the price of grilled eggplant.

$9.00 - $4.00 = $5.00

Grilled eggplant costs $5.00 more than a green salad.


Question: Each shopping bag has 2 CDs. How many CDs are in 4 shopping bags?

Answer: 8

Number of shopping bags | Number of CDs
1 | 2
2 | 4
3 | 6
4 | ?

Solution: Count by twos. Use the chart: there are 8 CDs in 4 shopping bags.


Question: At their family reunion, the Humphrey family recorded everyone's age. How many people are less than 80 years old?

Answer: 11

Solution:
Count all the leaves in the rows with stems 3, 4, 5, 6, and 7.

You counted 11 leaves, which are blue in the stem-and-leaf plot above. 11 people are less than 80 years old.


Question: Clare bought 1 kilogram of purple beads. How much did she spend?

Answer: 1.80

orange beads | $2.32 per kilogram
red beads | $2.45 per kilogram
green beads | $3.42 per kilogram
white beads | $2.32 per kilogram
black beads | $3.50 per kilogram
yellow beads | $1.62 per kilogram
purple beads | $1.80 per kilogram

orange beads
red beads
green beads
white beads
black beads
yellow beads
purple beads

$2.32 per kilogram
$2.45 per kilogram
$3.42 per kilogram
$2.32 per kilogram
$3.50 per kilogram
$1.62 per kilogram
$1.80 per kilogram

Solution:
Find the cost of the purple beads. Multiply the price per kilogram by the number of kilograms.

$1.80 × 1 = $1.80

She spent $1.80.


Question: The school district compared how many math teachers each high school has. What is the mean of the numbers?

Answer: 8

High school | Number of math teachers
Hillview High | 8
Green High | 6
Thompson High | 10
Westside High | 7
Central High | 9
Northside High | 9
Lincoln High | 7

Hillview High
Green High
Thompson High
Westside High
Central High
Northside High
Lincoln High

Solution:
Read the numbers from the table.

8, 6, 10, 7, 9, 9, 7

First, count how many numbers are in the group.

There are 7 numbers.

Now add all the numbers together:

8 + 6 + 10 + 7 + 9 + 9 + 7 = 56

Now divide the sum by the number of numbers:

56 ÷ 7 = 8

The mean is 8.


Question: David counted the pages in each book on his English class's required reading list. How many books had at least 60 pages?

Answer: 11

Solution:
Count all the leaves in the rows with stems 6, 7, 8, and 9.

You counted 11 leaves, which are blue in the stem-and-leaf plot above. 11 books had at least 60 pages.


Question: Each pizza place has 10 cooks. How many cooks are in 4 pizza places?

Answer: 40

Number of pizza places | Number of cooks
1 | 10
2 | 20
3 | 30
4 | ?

Solution: Count by tens. Use the chart: there are 40 cooks in 4 pizza places.


Question: Each sheet has 10 stickers. How many stickers are on 5 sheets?

Answer: 50

Number of sheets | Number of stickers
1 | 10
2 | 20
3 | 30
4 | 40
5 | ?

Solution: Count by tens. Use the chart: there are 50 stickers on 5 sheets.


Question: Several students participated in a race. Which runner took the longest?

Choices:
- Florence
- Tori
- Bridget
- Kimberly

Answer: Kimberly

Runner | Time (minutes)
Florence | 11
Tori | 13
Bridget | 15
Kimberly | 17

Solution:
Find the greatest number in the table. Remember to compare the numbers starting with the highest place value. The greatest number is 17.

Now find the corresponding runner. Kimberly corresponds to 17.


Question: Franco's Candies has been studying how much chocolate people have been eating in different countries. How much more chocolate did Belgium consume per capita in 2005 than in 2002?

Answer: 3

Country | 2002 | 2005
Belgium | 8 | 11
Norway | 8 | 9
Sweden | 8 | 7
Denmark | 9 | 8

Solution:
Find the Belgium row. Find the numbers in this row for 2005 and 2002.

2005: 11
2002: 8

Now subtract:

11 − 8 = 3

Belgium consumed 3 kilograms more chocolate per capita in 2005 than in 2002.


Question: Emily has $34.00. Does she have enough to buy a swimsuit and a badminton set?

Choices:
- yes
- no

Answer: yes

tennis racquet | $13.00
badminton set | $16.00
swimsuit | $18.00
fishing pole | $24.00
football | $10.00

tennis racquet
badminton set
swimsuit
fishing pole
football

Solution:
Add the price of a swimsuit and the price of a badminton set:

$18.00 + $16.00 = $34.00

Since Emily has $34.00, she has just enough money.


Question: The staff of a game show tracked the performance of all the contestants during the past season. How many people scored at least 34 points but fewer than 54 points?

Answer: 4

Solution:
Find the row with stem 3. Count all the leaves greater than or equal to 4.

Count all the leaves in the row with stem 4.

In the row with stem 5, count all the leaves less than 4.

You counted 4 leaves, which are blue in the stem-and-leaf plots above. 4 people scored at least 34 points but fewer than 54 points.


Question: The parks department compared how many basketball hoops there are at each park. What is the mean of the numbers?

Answer: 4

Park | Number of basketball hoops
Otter Park | 4
Crestview Park | 8
Pinehurst Park | 3
Westfield Park | 1
Mooreland Park | 2
Linden Park | 4
Riverfront Park | 4
Kelly Park | 6

Otter Park
Crestview Park
Pinehurst Park
Westfield Park
Mooreland Park
Linden Park
Riverfront Park
Kelly Park

Solution:
Read the numbers from the table.

4, 8, 3, 1, 2, 4, 4, 6

First, count how many numbers are in the group.

There are 8 numbers.

Now add all the numbers together:

4 + 8 + 3 + 1 + 2 + 4 + 4 + 6 = 32

Now divide the sum by the number of numbers:

32 ÷ 8 = 4

The mean is 4.


Question: Look at the following schedule. When does Spanish Literature class end?

Choices:
- 1:05 P.M.
- 5:30 P.M.
- 10:55 A.M.
- 11:55 A.M.

Answer: 11:55 A.M.

Subject | Begin | End
Basketball | 8:10 A.M. | 9:20 A.M.
Ancient Greek | 10:00 A.M. | 10:55 A.M.
Spanish Literature | 11:20 A.M. | 11:55 A.M.
Cell Biology | 12:15 P.M. | 1:05 P.M.
Geometry | 1:45 P.M. | 2:40 P.M.
Computer Programming | 3:10 P.M. | 3:55 P.M.
Essay Writing | 4:30 P.M. | 5:30 P.M.
Architecture | 5:45 P.M. | 6:35 P.M.

Basketball
Ancient Greek
Spanish Literature
Cell Biology
Geometry
Computer Programming
Essay Writing
Architecture

Solution:
Find Spanish Literature class on the schedule. Find the end time for Spanish Literature class.

Spanish Literature: 11:55 A. M.


Question: Each room has 10 tables. How many tables are in 5 rooms?

Answer: 50

Number of rooms | Number of tables
1 | 10
2 | 20
3 | 30
4 | 40
5 | ?

Solution: Count by tens. Use the chart: there are 50 tables in 5 rooms.


Question: For Earth Day, Dover High's environmental club tracked the number of seeds planted by its members. How many members are there in all?

Answer: 46

Seeds planted | Frequency
0 | 20
1 | 13
2 | 6
3 | 7

Solution:
Add the frequencies for each row.

Add:

20 + 13 + 6 + 7 = 46

There are 46 members in all.


Question: A city monitored how many cars went through a certain intersection in the past 3 days. How many more cars went through the intersection on Sunday than on Monday?

Answer: 2,050

Day | Number of cars
Saturday | 7,483
Sunday | 4,763
Monday | 2,713

Solution:
Find the numbers in the table.

Sunday: 4,763
Monday: 2,713

Now subtract: 4,763 - 2,713 = 2,050.

2,050 more cars went through the intersection on Sunday.


Question: A plant nursery in Georgetown keeps records of how many of its plants are annuals, biennials, and perennials. What fraction of the plants are perennials? Simplify your answer.

Answer: 17/47

Type | Number of plants
Annuals | 24
Perennials | 68
Biennials | 96

Solution:
Find how many plants are perennials.

68

Find how many plants the nursery has in total.

24 + 68 + 96 = 188

Divide 68 by188.

\frac{68}{188}

Reduce the fraction.

\frac{68}{188} → \frac{17}{47}

\frac{17}{47} of plants are perennials.


Question: The members of the local garden club tallied the number of plants in each person's garden. How many gardens have at least 40 plants but fewer than 60 plants?

Answer: 3

Solution:
Count all the leaves in the rows with stems 4 and 5.

You counted 3 leaves, which are blue in the stem-and-leaf plot above. 3 gardens have at least 40 plants but fewer than 60 plants.


Question: The art club examined how many cookies each student baked for the bake sale. How many more cookies did Lorenzo bake than Pam?

Answer: 178

Name | Number of cookies
Pam | 594
Lorenzo | 772
Rhianna | 230
Henry | 412

Solution:
Find the numbers in the table.

Lorenzo: 772
Pam: 594

Now subtract: 772 - 594 = 178.

Lorenzo baked 178 more cookies.


Question: A pizza chef recalled how many pizzas she had made during the past 5 days. What is the median of the numbers?

Answer: 5

Day | Number of pizzas
Friday | 1
Saturday | 6
Sunday | 5
Monday | 4
Tuesday | 5

Solution:
Read the numbers from the table.

1, 6, 5, 4, 5

First, arrange the numbers from least to greatest:

1, 4, 5, 5, 6

Now find the number in the middle.

1, 4, 5, 5, 6

The number in the middle is 5.

The median is 5.


Question: The city library monitored the number of books checked out each day. On which day were the fewest books checked out?

Choices:
- Sunday
- Monday
- Tuesday
- Wednesday

Answer: Monday

Day | Number of books
Sunday | 99
Monday | 91
Tuesday | 97
Wednesday | 92

Solution:
Find the least number in the table. Remember to compare the numbers starting with the highest place value. The least number is 91.

Now find the corresponding day. Monday corresponds to 91.


Question: The gym teacher wrote down how many tennis balls his students hit in half an hour. What is the mean of the numbers?

Answer: 52

Name | Number of tennis balls
Trevor | 56
Marvin | 53
Lacey | 52
Susan | 51
Dylan | 48
Carla | 52
Ariel | 49
Rita | 55

Trevor Marvin Lacey Susan Dylan Carla Ariel Rita

Solution:
Read the numbers from the table.

56, 53, 52, 51, 48, 52, 49, 55

First, count how many numbers are in the group.

There are 8 numbers.

Now add all the numbers together:

56 + 53 + 52 + 51 + 48 + 52 + 49 + 55 = 416

Now divide the sum by the number of numbers:

416 ÷ 8 = 52

The mean is 52.


Question: Dan has $0.15. Does he have enough to buy a piece of polka-dotted paper and a piece of red and purple stationery?

Choices:
- yes
- no

Answer: yes

purple envelope | $0.07
piece of polka-dotted paper | $0.06
piece of elegant stationery | $0.07
piece of pink paper | $0.01
piece of red and purple stationery | $0.09

purple envelope
piece of polka-dotted paper
piece of elegant stationery
piece of pink paper
piece of red and purple stationery

Solution:
Add the price of a piece of polka-dotted paper and the price of a piece of red and purple stationery:

$0.06 + $0.09 = $0.15

Since Dan has $0.15, he has just enough money.


Question: A toy store employee counted the number of toys in each bin in the sale section. What is the largest number of toys?

Answer: 56

Solution:
Look at the last row of the stem-and-leaf plot. The last row has the highest stem. The stem for the last row is 5.

Now find the highest leaf in the last row. The highest leaf is 6.

The largest number of toys has a stem of 5 and a leaf of 6. Write the stem first, then the leaf: 56.

The largest number of toys is 56 toys.


Question: How much would it cost to buy 2 kilograms of honey roasted peanuts?

Answer: 0.90

honey roasted peanuts | $0.45 per kg
salted peanuts | $1.46 per kg
blanched peanuts | $1.45 per kg
garlic peanuts | $1.44 per kg

honey roasted peanuts
salted peanuts
blanched peanuts
garlic peanuts

$0.45 per kg
$1.46 per kg
$1.45 per kg
$1.44 per kg

Solution:
Find the cost of the honey roasted peanuts. Multiply the price per kilogram by the number of kilograms.

$0.45 × 2 = $0.90

It would cost $0.90.


Question: A donut shop recorded how many donuts it sold in the past 4 days. How many more donuts did the shop sell on Thursday than on Saturday?

Answer: 4,233

Day | Number of donuts
Wednesday | 5,152
Thursday | 6,867
Friday | 3,877
Saturday | 2,634

Solution:
Find the numbers in the table.

Thursday: 6,867
Saturday: 2,634

Now subtract: 6,867 - 2,634 = 4,233.

The shop sold 4,233 more donuts on Thursday.


Question: This is Sandra's complete financial record for December. How much money did Sandra spend on December 29?

Answer: 7.80

Date | Description | Received | Expenses | Available Funds
 | Balance: end of November | | | $328.20
12/5 | wrapping paper | | $4.95 | $323.25
12/16 | watching Ms. Kramer's cat | $15.00 | | $338.25
12/29 | calendar | | $7.80 | $330.45

Balance: end of November
wrapping paper
watching Ms. Kramer's cat
calendar

Solution: Look at the 12/29 row. The expenses were $7.80. So, Sandra spent $7.80 on December 29.


Question: A race car driver kept track of how many laps he drove in the past 4 days. On which day did the driver do the most laps?

Choices:
- Thursday
- Friday
- Saturday
- Sunday

Answer: Saturday

Day | Number of laps
Thursday | 57
Friday | 52
Saturday | 59
Sunday | 56

Solution:
Find the greatest number in the table. Remember to compare the numbers starting with the highest place value. The greatest number is 59.

Now find the corresponding day. Saturday corresponds to 59.


Question: The parks department compared how many basketball hoops there are at each park. What is the mean of the numbers?

Answer: 7

Park | Number of basketball hoops
Canal Park | 7
Linden Park | 8
Pinehurst Park | 10
Riverfront Park | 9
Otter Park | 1

Canal Park
Linden Park
Pinehurst Park
Riverfront Park
Otter Park

Solution:
Read the numbers from the table.

7, 8, 10, 9, 1

First, count how many numbers are in the group.

There are 5 numbers.

Now add all the numbers together:

7 + 8 + 10 + 9 + 1 = 35

Now divide the sum by the number of numbers:

35 ÷ 5 = 7

The mean is 7.


Question: How much would it cost to buy 5 pounds of Kalamata olives, 5 pounds of Greek olives, and 5 pounds of black olives?

Answer: 72.30

Kalamata olives | $4.69 per pound
black olives | $3.55 per pound
Greek olives | $6.22 per pound
green olives | $6.28 per pound

Kalamata olives
black olives
Greek olives
green olives

$4.69 per pound
$3.55 per pound
$6.22 per pound
$6.28 per pound

Solution:
Find the cost of the Kalamata olives. Multiply:

$4.69 × 5 = $23.45

Find the cost of the Greek olives. Multiply:

$6.22 × 5 = $31.10

Find the cost of the black olives. Multiply:

$3.55 × 5 = $17.75

Now find the total cost by adding:

$23.45 + $31.10 + $17.75 = $72.30

It would cost $72.30.


Question: Look at the table. Then answer the question. At a price of $1,390, is there a shortage or a surplus?

Choices:
- shortage
- surplus

Answer: surplus

Solution: At the price of $1,390, the quantity demanded is less than the quantity supplied. There is too much of the good or service for sale at that price. So, there is a surplus.


Question: Look at the table. Then answer the question. At a price of $110, is there a shortage or a surplus?

Choices:
- shortage
- surplus

Answer: shortage

Solution: At the price of $110, the quantity demanded is greater than the quantity supplied. There is not enough of the good or service for sale at that price. So, there is a shortage.


Question: This is Duncan's complete financial record for July. On July 5, how much money did Duncan make?

Answer: 15

Date | Description | Received | Expenses | Available Funds
 | Balance: end of June | | | $450.70
7/5 | cleaning the Goodmans' pool | $15.00 | | $465.70
7/17 | bottle of water | | $1.50 | $464.20
7/29 | swim trunks | | $16.80 | $447.40

Balance: end of June
cleaning the Goodmans' pool
bottle of water
swim trunks

Solution: Look at the 7/5 row. The amount received was $15.00. So, Duncan made $15.00 on July 5.


Question: Christine, a doctor's office receptionist, tracked the average waiting time at the office each month. According to the table, what was the rate of change between May and June?

Answer: -6

Average waiting time at a doctor's office

Month | Waiting time (minutes)
May | 23
June | 17
July | 12
August | 8
September | 24

Solution:
Plug the numbers into the formula for rate of change and simplify.
Rate of change
 = \frac{change in value}{change in time}
 = \frac{17 minutes - 23 minutes}{1 month}
 = \frac{-6 minutes}{1 month}
 = -6 minutes per month
The rate of change between May and June was - 6 minutes per month.


Question: Haley has $8.50. Does she have enough to buy a history book and a crossword puzzle book?

Choices:
- yes
- no

Answer: no

spelling workbook | $6.46
math book | $3.21
history book | $4.29
crossword puzzle book | $4.50
paperback book | $8.39
mystery novel | $2.25

spelling workbook
math book
history book
crossword puzzle book
paperback book
mystery novel

Solution:
Add the price of a history book and the price of a crossword puzzle book:

$4.29 + $4.50 = $8.79

$8.79 is more than $8.50. Haley does not have enough money.


Question: Look at Isabel's pay stub. Isabel lives in a state that has state income tax. How much did Isabel make after taxes?

Answer: 1,522.81

Employee | Pay period |
Isabel Jordan | October 1-15 |
Total earnings | | $2,100.00
Federal income tax | $295.00 |
State income tax | $121.59 |
Other taxes | $160.60 |
Total taxes | | ?
Pay after taxes | | ?

Isabel Jordan
Total earnings
Federal income tax
State income tax
Other taxes
Total taxes
Pay after taxes

Solution:
Find how much Isabel made after taxes. Find the total payroll tax, then subtract it from the total earnings.
To find the total payroll tax, add the federal income tax, state income tax, and other taxes.
The total earnings are $2,100.00. The total payroll tax is $577.19. Subtract to find the difference.
$2,100.00 - $577.19 = $1,522.81
Isabel made $1,522.81 after taxes.


Question: Greenwood requires all dogs to be registered with the city and keeps records of the distribution of different breeds. What fraction of dogs registered with the city are Boxers? Simplify your answer.

Answer: 78/319

Breed | Number of dogs registered
Golden Retrievers | 1,000
Boxers | 780
Beagles | 850
German Shepherds | 140
Other | 420

Golden Retrievers
Boxers
Beagles
German Shepherds
Other

Solution:
Find the number of Boxers that are registered with the city.

780

Find the total number of dogs that are registered with the city.

1,000 + 780 + 850 + 140 + 420 = 3,190

Divide 780 by 3,190.

\frac{780}{3,190}

Reduce the fraction.

\frac{780}{3,190} → \frac{78}{319}

\frac{78}{319} of Find the number of Boxers that are registered with the city.


Question: A machine at the candy factory dispensed different numbers of lemon-flavored candies into various bags. How many bags had at least 46 lemon-flavored candies but fewer than 58 lemon-flavored candies?

Answer: 5

Solution:
Find the row with stem 4. Count all the leaves greater than or equal to 6.

In the row with stem 5, count all the leaves less than 8.

You counted 5 leaves, which are blue in the stem-and-leaf plots above. 5 bags had at least 46 lemon-flavored candies but fewer than 58 lemon-flavored candies.


Question: Each shelf has 5 plates. How many plates are on 6 shelves?

Answer: 30

Number of shelves | Number of plates
1 | 5
2 | 10
3 | 15
4 | 20
5 | 25
6 | ?

Solution: Count by fives. Use the chart: there are 30 plates on 6 shelves.


Question: A real estate agent counted the number of offices per floor in the building he is selling. How many floors have exactly 17 offices?

Answer: 2

Solution:
For the number 17, the stem is 1, and the leaf is 7. Find the row where the stem is 1. In that row, count all the leaves equal to 7.

You counted 2 leaves, which are blue in the stem-and-leaf plot above. 2 floors have exactly17 offices.


Question: The board of commerce gave a survey to determine how many employees work at each company. How many employees work at Wakefield and Watson and Township Real Estate combined?

Answer: 634

Company | Number of employees
Smith Electronics | 394
Wakefield and Watson | 467
Township Real Estate | 167

Smith Electronics
Wakefield and Watson
Township Real Estate

Solution:
Find the numbers in the table.

Wakefield and Watson: 467
Township Real Estate: 167

Now add: 467 + 167 = 634.

634 employees work at Wakefield and Watson and Township Real Estate combined.


Question: The houses in Ava's town get their water from a local reservoir. Ava and a group of engineers monitor the water level for safety and health reasons. The change in water level over two months is shown in the table. During which month did the water level change more?

Choices:
- April
- May

Answer: April

Month | Change in water level (in.)
April | -6
May | 4

Solution:
A positive change means the water level went up. A negative change means the water level went down.
To find the month the water level changed more, use absolute value. Absolute value tells you how much the water level changed each month.
April: |-6| = 6
May: |4| = 4
The water level went down 6 inches in April, and it only went up 4 inches in May. The water level changed more in April.


Question: Each shopping bag has 5 pairs of jeans. How many pairs of jeans are in 6 shopping bags?

Answer: 30

Number of shopping bags | Number of pairs of jeans
1 | 5
2 | 10
3 | 15
4 | 20
5 | 25
6 | ?

Solution: Count by fives. Use the chart: there are 30 pairs of jeans in 6 shopping bags.


Question: How much money does Toby need to buy a boa constrictor, a llama, and an alpaca?

Answer: 3,817

Solution:
Find the total cost of a boa constrictor, a llama, and an alpaca.

$1,359.00 + $1,113.00 + $1,345.00 = $3,817.00

Toby needs $3,817.00.


Question: Each package has 10 yogurt pops. How many yogurt pops are in 4 packages?

Answer: 40

Number of packages | Number of yogurt pops
1 | 10
2 | 20
3 | 30
4 | ?

Solution: Count by tens. Use the chart: there are 40 yogurt pops in 4 packages.


Question: How much money does Philip need to buy 6 teapots and 2 casserole dishes?

Answer: 268

teapot | $38
cookbook | $19
apron | $20
baking dish | $14
casserole dish | $20

teapot
cookbook
apron
baking dish
casserole dish

Solution:
Find the cost of 6 teapots.

$38 × 6 = $228

Find the cost of 2 casserole dishes.

$20 × 2 = $40

Now find the total cost.

$228 + $40 = $268

Philip needs $268.


Question: How much money does Wanda need to buy a piece of licorice, a gummy worm, and a peppermint candy?

Answer: 0.07

sour apple candy | $0.06
gummy worm | $0.04
piece of licorice | $0.02
peppermint candy | $0.01

sour apple candy
gummy worm
piece of licorice
peppermint candy

Solution:
Find the total cost of a piece of licorice, a gummy worm, and a peppermint candy.

$0.02 + $0.04 + $0.01 = $0.07

Wanda needs $0.07.


Question: Some farmers compared how many sheep were in their flocks. What is the median of the numbers?

Answer: 8

Farmer | Number of sheep
Farmer Anne | 8
Farmer Mike | 9
Farmer Wendy | 6
Farmer Betty | 8
Farmer Sally | 5

Farmer Anne
Farmer Mike
Farmer Wendy
Farmer Betty
Farmer Sally

Solution:
Read the numbers from the table.

8, 9, 6, 8, 5

First, arrange the numbers from least to greatest:

5, 6, 8, 8, 9

Now find the number in the middle.

5, 6, 8, 8, 9

The number in the middle is 8.

The median is 8.


Question: Look at the table. Then answer the question. At a price of $845, is there a shortage or a surplus?

Choices:
- shortage
- surplus

Answer: surplus

Solution: At the price of $845, the quantity demanded is less than the quantity supplied. There is too much of the good or service for sale at that price. So, there is a surplus.


Question: Wildgrove Flooring tracked the number of broken tiles in each shipment it received last year. What is the smallest number of broken tiles?

Answer: 22

Solution:
Look at the first row of the stem-and-leaf plot. The first row has the lowest stem. The stem for the first row is 2.

Now find the lowest leaf in the first row. The lowest leaf is 2.

The smallest number of broken tiles has a stem of 2 and a leaf of 2. Write the stem first, then the leaf: 22.

The smallest number of broken tiles is 22 broken tiles.


Question: A county agency recorded the money donated to several charitable causes over time. In March, which cause raised the least money?

Choices:
- animals
- hunger
- parks
- education

Answer: parks

Cause | March | April
Hunger | $7 | $13
Parks | $3 | $1
Education | $9 | $14
Medical research | $16 | $19
Animals | $9 | $9

Hunger
Parks
Education
Medical research
Animals

Solution:
Look at the numbers in the March column. Find the least number in this column.

The least number is $3.00, which is in the Parks row. In March, the least money was raised for parks.


Question: Ariana has $16.50. Does she have enough to buy a paperback book and a mystery novel?

Choices:
- yes
- no

Answer: no

science-fiction book | $4.31
mystery novel | $8.26
crossword puzzle book | $8.74
geography book | $8.61
coloring book | $8.08
paperback book | $8.45

science-fiction book
mystery novel
crossword puzzle book
geography book
coloring book
paperback book

Solution:
Add the price of a paperback book and the price of a mystery novel:

$8.45 + $8.26 = $16.71

$16.71 is more than $16.50. Ariana does not have enough money.


Question: For a math project, students in Mrs. Swift's class recorded the number of pets that each student has. How many students are there in all?

Answer: 24

Number of pets | Frequency
0 | 2
1 | 15
2 | 0
3 | 7

Solution:
Add the frequencies for each row.

Add:

2 + 15 + 0 + 7 = 24

There are 24 students in all.


Question: Josh has $13.60. How much money will Josh have left if he buys a ride on the Choo-Choo Train and a ride on the Bumper Cars?

Answer: 9.50

ride on the Bumper Cars | $1.38
trip through the Crazy Fun House | $2.45
ride on the Speedy Coaster | $2.56
ride on the Upside-Down Twister | $3.91
ride on the Choo-Choo Train | $2.72

ride on the Bumper Cars
trip through the Crazy Fun House
ride on the Speedy Coaster
ride on the Upside-Down Twister
ride on the Choo-Choo Train

Solution:
Find the total cost of a ride on the Choo-Choo Train and a ride on the Bumper Cars.

$2.72 + $1.38 = $4.10

Now subtract the total cost from the starting amount.

$13.60 - $4.10 = $9.50

Josh will have $9.50 left.


Question: Donald has $0.07. Does he have enough to buy a scallop shell and a shiny gold shell?

Choices:
- yes
- no

Answer: yes

shiny gold shell | $0.01
whole sand dollar | $0.08
scallop shell | $0.05
beautiful yellow shell | $0.05
white spindle shell | $0.06

shiny gold shell
whole sand dollar
scallop shell
beautiful yellow shell
white spindle shell

Solution:
Add the price of a scallop shell and the price of a shiny gold shell:

$0.05 + $0.01 = $0.06

$0.06 is less than $0.07. Donald does have enough money.


Question: A girl compared the ages of her cousins. What is the mode of the numbers?

Answer: 9

Name | Age (years)
Devin | 9
Emmy | 9
Bridgette | 9
Tyler | 9
Kylie | 2
Zachary | 2
Nicholas | 2
Jennifer | 10

Devin Emmy Bridgette Tyler Kylie Zachary Nicholas Jennifer

Solution:
Read the numbers from the table.

9, 9, 9, 9, 2, 2, 2, 10

First, arrange the numbers from least to greatest:

2, 2, 2, 9, 9, 9, 9, 10

Now count how many times each number appears.

2 appears 3 times.
9 appears 4 times.
10 appears 1 time.

The number that appears most often is 9.

The mode is 9.


Question: Look at Riley's pay stub. Riley lives in a state without state income tax. How much did Riley make after taxes?

Answer: 764.79

Employee | Pay period |
Riley Stewart | March 17-23 |
Total earnings | | $974.00
Federal income tax | $134.70 |
Other taxes | $74.51 |
Total taxes | | ?
Pay after taxes | | ?

Riley Stewart
Total earnings
Federal income tax
Other taxes
Total taxes
Pay after taxes

Solution:
Find how much Riley made after taxes. Find the total payroll tax, then subtract it from the total earnings.
To find the total payroll tax, add the federal income tax and the other taxes.
The total earnings are $974.00. The total payroll tax is $209.21. Subtract to find the difference.
$974.00 - $209.21 = $764.79
Riley made $764.79 after taxes.


Question: After a field trip to the park, students in Mrs. Moore's art class counted the number of leaf rubbings they had made. How many students made more than 4 leaf rubbings?

Answer: 5

Leaf rubbings made | Frequency
0 | 3
1 | 20
2 | 11
3 | 6
4 | 13
5 | 5

Solution:
Find the row for 5 leaf rubbings and read the frequency. The frequency is 5.

5 students made more than 4 leaf rubbings.


Question: A dog show enthusiast recorded the weight of the winning dog at recent dog shows. According to the table, what was the rate of change between 2017 and 2018?

Answer: -34

Solution:
Plug the numbers into the formula for rate of change and simplify.
Rate of change
 = \frac{change in value}{change in time}
 = \frac{15 kilograms - 49 kilograms}{2018 - 2017}
 = \frac{15 kilograms - 49 kilograms}{1 year}
 = \frac{-34 kilograms}{1 year}
 = -34 kilograms per year
The rate of change between 2017 and 2018 was - 34 kilograms per year.


Question: How much money does Heather need to buy 2 soccer tickets and 7 hockey tickets?

Answer: 209

baseball ticket | $15.00
football ticket | $32.00
hockey ticket | $19.00
play ticket | $24.00
soccer ticket | $38.00

baseball ticket
football ticket
hockey ticket
play ticket
soccer ticket

Solution:
Find the cost of 2 soccer tickets.

$38.00 × 2 = $76.00

Find the cost of 7 hockey tickets.

$19.00 × 7 = $133.00

Now find the total cost.

$76.00 + $133.00 = $209.00

Heather needs $209.00.


Question: While writing a paper on making decisions in groups, Shelby researched the size of a number of committees. How many committees have at least 10 members but fewer than 60 members?

Answer: 11

Solution:
Count all the leaves in the rows with stems 1, 2, 3, 4, and 5.

You counted 11 leaves, which are blue in the stem-and-leaf plot above. 11 committees have at least 10 members but fewer than 60 members.


Question: Look at this table. Is this relation a function?

Choices:
- yes
- no

Answer: yes

Solution:
Look at the x-values in the table.

Each of the x-values is paired with only one y-value, so the relation is a function.


Question: How much money does Brittany need to buy a coffee pot and 4 serving platters?

Answer: 62.12

coffee pot | $12.24
cutting board | $27.98
serving platter | $12.47
set of spoons | $14.09
glass bowl | $18.18

coffee pot
cutting board
serving platter
set of spoons
glass bowl

Solution:
Find the cost of 4 serving platters.

$12.47 × 4 = $49.88

Now find the total cost.

$12.24 + $49.88 = $62.12

Brittany needs $62.12.


Question: Look at the table. Then answer the question. At a price of $485, is there a shortage or a surplus?

Choices:
- shortage
- surplus

Answer: surplus

Solution: At the price of $485, the quantity demanded is less than the quantity supplied. There is too much of the good or service for sale at that price. So, there is a surplus.


Question: Each farm has 2 cows. How many cows are on 3 farms?

Answer: 6

Number of farms | Number of cows
1 | 2
2 | 4
3 | ?

Solution: Count by twos. Use the chart: there are 6 cows on 3 farms.


Question: Some friends discussed the sizes of their coin collections. If you combine their collections, how many coins do Marie and Dylan have?

Answer: 544

Name | Number of coins
Omar | 285
Marie | 323
Dylan | 221
Simon | 470

Solution:
Find the numbers in the table.

Marie: 323
Dylan: 221

Now add: 323 + 221 = 544.

Marie and Dylan have 544 coins.


Question: Aaron has $82.00. Does he have enough to buy a picnic table and a red clay pot?

Choices:
- yes
- no

Answer: yes

hammock | $44.00
iron bench | $32.00
picnic table | $59.00
beach umbrella | $74.00
red clay pot | $19.00
lawn mower | $91.00

hammock
iron bench
picnic table
beach umbrella
red clay pot
lawn mower

Solution:
Add the price of a picnic table and the price of a red clay pot:

$59.00 + $19.00 = $78.00

$78.00 is less than $82.00. Aaron does have enough money.


Question: While hanging Christmas lights for neighbors, Shawna counted the number of broken lights on each string. What is the largest number of broken lights?

Answer: 85

Solution:
Look at the last row of the stem-and-leaf plot. The last row has the highest stem. The stem for the last row is 8.

Now find the highest leaf in the last row. The highest leaf is 5.

The largest number of broken lights has a stem of 8 and a leaf of 5. Write the stem first, then the leaf: 85.

The largest number of broken lights is 85 broken lights.


Question: Brian purchased 1.7 pounds of pebbles. What was the total cost?

Answer: 3.40

white sand | $4/pound
coarse gravel | $3/pound
fine gravel | $3/pound
pebbles | $2/pound
black sand | $5/pound
rocks | $4/pound

white sand
coarse gravel
fine gravel
pebbles
black sand
rocks

Solution:
Find the cost of the pebbles. Multiply the price per pound by the number of pounds.
$2 × 1.7 = $3.40
The total cost was $3.40.


Question: The table shows a function. Is the function linear or nonlinear?

Choices:
- linear
- nonlinear

Answer: nonlinear

Solution:
To determine whether the function is linear or nonlinear, see whether it has a constant rate of change.
Pick the points in any two rows of the table and calculate the rate of change between them. The first two rows are a good place to start.
Call the values in the first row x1 and y1. Call the values in the second row x2 and y2.
Rate of change = \frac{y2 - y1}{x2 - x1}
 = \frac{7 - 1}{13 - 12}
 = \frac{6}{1}
 = 6
Now pick any other two rows and calculate the rate of change between them.
Call the values in the second row x1 and y1. Call the values in the third row x2 and y2.
Rate of change = \frac{y2 - y1}{x2 - x1}
 = \frac{9 - 7}{14 - 13}
 = \frac{2}{1}
 = 2
The rate of change is not the same for each pair of points. So, the function does not have a constant rate of change.
The function is nonlinear.


Question: How much money does Joey need to buy 4 popsicle stands?

Answer: 35,076

popsicle stand | $8,769.00
peanut cart | $8,110.00
popcorn cart | $6,550.00
hot dog stand | $9,120.00

popsicle stand
peanut cart
popcorn cart
hot dog stand

Solution:
Find the total cost of 4 popsicle stands by multiplying 4 times the price of a popsicle stand.

$8,769.00 × 4 = $35,076.00

Joey needs $35,076.00.


Question: How much money does Levi need to buy a ticket for a Hawaiian cruise and a ticket for a Caribbean cruise?

Answer: 13,111

ticket for a Hawaiian cruise | $7,072.00
ticket for an Australian cruise | $4,739.00
ticket for a South American cruise | $6,857.00
ticket for a Caribbean cruise | $6,039.00

ticket for a Hawaiian cruise
ticket for an Australian cruise
ticket for a South American cruise
ticket for a Caribbean cruise

Solution:
Add the price of a ticket for a Hawaiian cruise and the price of a ticket for a Caribbean cruise:

$7,072.00 + $6,039.00 = $13,111.00

Levi needs $13,111.00.


Question: Cindy went to the store. She bought 3 kilograms of boysenberry jam and 4 kilograms of raspberry jam. How much did she spend?

Answer: 17

marmalade | $2 per kg
boysenberry jam | $3 per kg
raspberry jam | $2 per kg
blueberry jam | $2 per kg
blackberry jam | $3 per kg
apple butter | $2 per kg

marmalade
boysenberry jam
raspberry jam
blueberry jam
blackberry jam
apple butter

$2 per kg
$3 per kg
$2 per kg
$2 per kg
$3 per kg
$2 per kg

Solution:
Find the cost of the boysenberry jam. Multiply:

$3 × 3 = $9

Find the cost of the raspberry jam. Multiply:

$2 × 4 = $8

Now find the total cost by adding:

$9 + $8 = $17

She spent $17.


Question: In the first episode of a reality show, contestants had to spin two wheels of fate. Spinning the first wheel determined the remote location where contestants would reside for the duration of the season. Spinning the second wheel determined which "bonus survival tool" they would be allowed to bring, along with a few other necessary items. What is the probability that a randomly selected participant spun the first wheel and landed on desert and spun the second wheel and landed on a tent? Simplify any fractions.

Answer: 3/10

 | A tent | Matches
Desert | 6 | 7
Rainforest | 2 | 5

Solution:
Let A be the event "the participant spun the first wheel and landed on desert" and B be the event "the participant spun the second wheel and landed on a tent".
To find the probability that a participant spun the first wheel and landed on desert and spun the second wheel and landed on a tent, first identify the sample space and the event.
The outcomes in the sample space are the different participants. Each participant is equally likely to be selected, so this is a uniform probability model.
The event is A and B, "the participant spun the first wheel and landed on desert and spun the second wheel and landed on a tent".
Since this is a uniform probability model, count the number of outcomes in the event A and B and count the total number of outcomes. Then, divide them to compute the probability.

Find the number of outcomes in the event A and B.
A and B is the event "the participant spun the first wheel and landed on desert and spun the second wheel and landed on a tent", so look at the table to see how many participants spun the first wheel and landed on desert and spun the second wheel and landed on a tent.
The number of participants who spun the first wheel and landed on desert and spun the second wheel and landed on a tent is 6.

Find the total number of outcomes.
Add all the numbers in the table to find the total number of participants.
6 + 2 + 7 + 5 = 20

Find P(A and B).
Since all outcomes are equally likely, the probability of event A and B is the number of outcomes in event A and B divided by the total number of outcomes.
P(A and B) = \frac{# of outcomes in A and B}{total # of outcomes}
 = \frac{6}{20}
 = \frac{3}{10}
The probability that a participant spun the first wheel and landed on desert and spun the second wheel and landed on a tent is \frac{3}{10}.


Question: Each cage has 5 rabbits. How many rabbits are in 3 cages?

Answer: 15

Number of cages | Number of rabbits
1 | 5
2 | 10
3 | ?

Solution: Count by fives. Use the chart: there are 15 rabbits in 3 cages.


Question: Andy jotted down how many baskets he made during basketball practice each day. What is the range of the numbers?

Answer: 8

Day | Number of baskets
Sunday | 7
Monday | 2
Tuesday | 10
Wednesday | 6
Thursday | 7
Friday | 6

Sunday Monday Tuesday Wednesday Thursday Friday

Solution:
Read the numbers from the table.

7, 2, 10, 6, 7, 6

First, find the greatest number. The greatest number is 10.

Next, find the least number. The least number is 2.

Subtract the least number from the greatest number:

10 − 2 = 8

The range is 8.


Question: Look at the table. Then answer the question. At a price of $545, is there a shortage or a surplus?

Choices:
- shortage
- surplus

Answer: surplus

Solution: At the price of $545, the quantity demanded is less than the quantity supplied. There is too much of the good or service for sale at that price. So, there is a surplus.


Question: Rachel's class paid attention to how many bottles each student collected for their recycling project. Together, how many bottles did Rachel and Stanley collect?

Answer: 3,746

Name | Number of bottles
Bryan | 6,308
Jared | 2,025
Rachel | 1,729
Felipe | 2,523
Stanley | 2,017

Solution:
Find the numbers in the table.

Rachel: 1,729
Stanley: 2,017

Now add: 1,729 + 2,017 = 3,746.

Rachel and Stanley collected 3,746 bottles.


Question: For a math assignment, students noted the number of times a wheel landed on the numbers 0 through 5. How many students spun a number greater than 1?

Answer: 38

Solution:
Find the rows for 2, 3, 4, and 5. Add the frequencies for these rows.

Add:

9 + 0 + 13 + 16 = 38

38 students spun a number greater than 1.


Question: A beauty salon in Riverside has four beauticians and keeps track of how often clients request each one specifically. What fraction of requests were for Alexandra? Simplify your answer.

Answer: 37/173

Beautician | Requests
Alice | 880
Jeremiah | 400
Alexandra | 370
Stacy | 80

Solution:
Find how many clients requested Alexandra.

370

Find how many requests were made in total.

880 + 400 + 370 + 80 = 1,730

Divide 370 by1,730.

\frac{370}{1,730}

Reduce the fraction.

\frac{370}{1,730} → \frac{37}{173}

\frac{37}{173} of clients requested Alexandra.


Question: At their family reunion, the Lee family recorded everyone's age. What is the age of the youngest person?

Answer: 47

Solution:
Look at the first row of the stem-and-leaf plot. The first row has the lowest stem. The stem for the first row is 4.

Now find the lowest leaf in the first row. The lowest leaf is 7.

The age of the youngest person has a stem of 4 and a leaf of 7. Write the stem first, then the leaf: 47.

The age of the youngest person is 47 years old.


Question: This table shows information about two occupations. In which occupation might you spend time at sea for research?

Choices:
- marine biologist
- dog trainer

Answer: marine biologist

| Marine biologist | Dog trainer
Description | Marine biologists study fish and other ocean wildlife. | Dog trainers teach dogs to follow commands and assist people with disabilities.
Typical education required | Doctoral degree in biology or a related field | High school diploma, but some have certifications from trade schools
Median income | $63,500 per year | $29,500 per year

Description
Typical education required
Median income

Solution:
Look at the description for each occupation.
Marine biologists study fish and other ocean wildlife, so they might spend time at sea for research. Dog trainers teach dogs to follow commands, but they don't conduct research and would likely not spend time at sea for work.


Question: The table shows a function. Is the function linear or nonlinear?

Choices:
- linear
- nonlinear

Answer: nonlinear

Solution:
To determine whether the function is linear or nonlinear, see whether it has a constant rate of change.
Pick the points in any two rows of the table and calculate the rate of change between them. The first two rows are a good place to start.
Call the values in the first row x1 and y1. Call the values in the second row x2 and y2.
Rate of change = \frac{y2 - y1}{x2 - x1}
 = \frac{10 - 1}{6 - 5}
 = \frac{9}{1}
 = 9
Now pick any other two rows and calculate the rate of change between them.
Call the values in the second row x1 and y1. Call the values in the third row x2 and y2.
Rate of change = \frac{y2 - y1}{x2 - x1}
 = \frac{20 - 10}{7 - 6}
 = \frac{10}{1}
 = 10
The rate of change is not the same for each pair of points. So, the function does not have a constant rate of change.
The function is nonlinear.


Question: Sally went on a road trip and tracked her driving each day. How many miles in total did Sally drive on Thursday and Friday?

Answer: 535

Day | Number of miles
Thursday | 418
Friday | 117
Saturday | 118

Solution:
Find the numbers in the table.

Thursday: 418
Friday: 117

Now add: 418 + 117 = 535.

Sally drove 535 miles on Thursday and Friday.


Question: A bakery recorded how many cupcakes it sold in the past 5 days. What is the median of the numbers?

Answer: 18

Day | Number of cupcakes
Friday | 24
Saturday | 16
Sunday | 11
Monday | 18
Tuesday | 18

Solution:
Read the numbers from the table.

24, 16, 11, 18, 18

First, arrange the numbers from least to greatest:

11, 16, 18, 18, 24

Now find the number in the middle.

11, 16, 18, 18, 24

The number in the middle is 18.

The median is 18.


Question: How much more does a DVD player cost than an alarm clock?

Answer: 37

alarm clock | $14.00
DVD player | $51.00
computer keyboard | $15.00
computer mouse | $14.00

alarm clock
DVD player
computer keyboard
computer mouse

Solution:
Subtract the price of an alarm clock from the price of a DVD player.

$51.00 - $14.00 = $37.00

A DVD player costs $37.00 more than an alarm clock.


Question: Brooke bought 5 kilograms of raspberry vinaigrette and 5 kilograms of blue cheese dressing. How much did she spend?

Answer: 21.15

Thousand Island dressing | $3.10 per kilogram
blue cheese dressing | $1.76 per kilogram
raspberry vinaigrette | $2.47 per kilogram
Italian dressing | $2.40 per kilogram
ranch dressing | $1.65 per kilogram

Thousand Island dressing
blue cheese dressing
raspberry vinaigrette
Italian dressing
ranch dressing

$3.10 per kilogram
$1.76 per kilogram
$2.47 per kilogram
$2.40 per kilogram
$1.65 per kilogram

Solution:
Find the cost of the raspberry vinaigrette. Multiply:

$2.47 × 5 = $12.35

Find the cost of the blue cheese dressing. Multiply:

$1.76 × 5 = $8.80

Now find the total cost by adding:

$12.35 + $8.80 = $21.15

She spent $21.15.


Question: The town council reported on how many stop signs there are on each street. What is the mean of the numbers?

Answer: 6

Street | Number of stop signs
Irving Street | 3
Jackson Street | 10
Peabody Street | 6
Watson Street | 5
Marshall Street | 5
Spring Street | 7

Irving Street
Jackson Street
Peabody Street
Watson Street
Marshall Street
Spring Street

Solution:
Read the numbers from the table.

3, 10, 6, 5, 5, 7

First, count how many numbers are in the group.

There are 6 numbers.

Now add all the numbers together:

3 + 10 + 6 + 5 + 5 + 7 = 36

Now divide the sum by the number of numbers:

36 ÷ 6 = 6

The mean is 6.


Question: In determining which sports to offer this season, the Yardley Community Center asked its members' children to vote for their favorite sports. How many children voted for gymnastics?

Answer: 23

Sport | Boys | Girls
Swimming | 20 | 18
Golf | 6 | 10
Gymnastics | 4 | 19
Running | 8 | 14
Soccer | 11 | 6

Solution:
Find the row for gymnastics. Add the numbers in the Gymnastics row.

Add:

4 + 19 = 23

23 children voted for gymnastics.


Question: A creative writing class compiled a list of their favorite superheroes. They listed each superhero's superpower and personality flaw. What is the probability that a randomly selected superhero is lazy and can fly? Simplify any fractions.

Answer: 3/10

 | Fly | Read minds
Forgetful | 2 | 3
Lazy | 3 | 2

Solution:
Let A be the event "the superhero is lazy" and B be the event "the superhero can fly".
To find the probability that a superhero is lazy and can fly, first identify the sample space and the event.
The outcomes in the sample space are the different superheroes. Each superhero is equally likely to be selected, so this is a uniform probability model.
The event is A and B, "the superhero is lazy and can fly".
Since this is a uniform probability model, count the number of outcomes in the event A and B and count the total number of outcomes. Then, divide them to compute the probability.

Find the number of outcomes in the event A and B.
A and B is the event "the superhero is lazy and can fly", so look at the table to see how many superheroes are lazy and can fly.
The number of superheroes who are lazy and can fly is 3.

Find the total number of outcomes.
Add all the numbers in the table to find the total number of superheroes.
2 + 3 + 3 + 2 = 10

Find P(A and B).
Since all outcomes are equally likely, the probability of event A and B is the number of outcomes in event A and B divided by the total number of outcomes.
P(A and B) = \frac{# of outcomes in A and B}{total # of outcomes}
 = \frac{3}{10}
The probability that a superhero is lazy and can fly is \frac{3}{10}.


Question: Marcy's Candies has been studying how much chocolate people have been eating in different countries. How much more chocolate did Belgium consume per capita in 2005 than in 2002?

Answer: 3

Country | 2002 | 2005
Poland | 3 | 4
Denmark | 9 | 8
Belgium | 8 | 11
Austria | 8 | 9

Solution:
Find the Belgium row. Find the numbers in this row for 2005 and 2002.

2005: 11
2002: 8

Now subtract:

11 − 8 = 3

Belgium consumed 3 kilograms more chocolate per capita in 2005 than in 2002.


Question: Look at the following schedule. How long does it take to get from Rollercoaster Land to Comfy Pillows Resort?

Choices:
- 45 minutes
- 3 hours and 30 minutes
- 1 hour and 15 minutes
- 3 hours and 15 minutes

Answer: 3 hours and 30 minutes

Rollercoaster Land | 6:15 A.M. | 11:00 A.M. | 11:45 P.M.
Pleasant River Campground | 6:45 A.M. | 11:30 A.M. | 12:15 A.M.
City of Green Trees | 7:30 A.M. | 12:15 P.M. | 1:00 A.M.
Happy Cow Farm | 8:30 A.M. | 1:15 P.M. | 2:00 A.M.
Rocky Ravine Town | 9:15 A.M. | 2:00 P.M. | 2:45 A.M.
Comfy Pillows Resort | 9:45 A.M. | 2:30 P.M. | 3:15 A.M.

Rollercoaster Land
Pleasant River Campground
City of Green Trees
Happy Cow Farm
Rocky Ravine Town
Comfy Pillows Resort

Solution:
Read the times in the first column for Rollercoaster Land and Comfy Pillows Resort.

Find the elapsed time between 6:15 A. M. and 9:45 A. M. The elapsed time is 3 hours and 30 minutes.

No matter which column of times you look at, the elapsed time is always 3 hours and 30 minutes.


Question: Mr. Dudley, a P.E. teacher, wrote down how much weight each of his students could lift. How many people lifted at least 50 pounds but less than 80 pounds?

Answer: 4

Solution:
Count all the leaves in the rows with stems 5, 6, and 7.

You counted 4 leaves, which are blue in the stem-and-leaf plot above. 4 people lifted at least 50 pounds but less than 80 pounds.


Question: A food magazine published a listing of local restaurant ratings. How many restaurants were rated exactly 40 points?

Answer: 4

Solution:
For the number 40, the stem is 4, and the leaf is 0. Find the row where the stem is 4. In that row, count all the leaves equal to 0.

You counted 4 leaves, which are blue in the stem-and-leaf plot above. 4 restaurants were rated exactly 40 points.


Question: A survey was conducted to learn people's chocolate preferences. What fraction of the respondents preferred white chocolate? Simplify your answer.

Answer: 86/157

Type | Number of respondents
Milk chocolate | 390
Dark chocolate | 320
White chocolate | 860

Milk chocolate
Dark chocolate
White chocolate

Solution:
Find how many respondents preferred white chocolate.

860

Find how many people responded in total.

390 + 320 + 860 = 1,570

Divide 860 by1,570.

\frac{860}{1,570}

Reduce the fraction.

\frac{860}{1,570} → \frac{86}{157}

\frac{86}{157} of respondents preferred white chocolate.


Question: How much money does Shane need to buy a soccer jersey and a bicycle?

Answer: 86.79

scooter | $42.39
soccer jersey | $22.04
skateboard | $77.46
bicycle | $64.75

scooter
soccer jersey
skateboard
bicycle

Solution:
Add the price of a soccer jersey and the price of a bicycle:

$22.04 + $64.75 = $86.79

Shane needs $86.79.


Question: A sports fan decided to examine the pattern of medals won by certain countries at several Olympic games. In 1996, how many more medals did Sweden win than Finland?

Answer: 4

Country | 1996 | 2000
Sweden | 8 | 12
Brazil | 15 | 12
Finland | 4 | 4

Solution:
Find the 1996 column. Find the numbers in this column for Sweden and Finland.

Sweden: 8
Finland: 4

Now subtract:

8 − 4 = 4

In 1996, Sweden won 4 more medals than Finland.


Question: A science teacher presented a balloon to her class, and posed the question, "If I keep this balloon in the freezer overnight, what will occur?" She followed up with, "How certain are you of your answer?" The teacher recorded her students' responses. What is the probability that a randomly selected student was uncertain and believes the balloon will shrink? Simplify any fractions.

Answer: 1/10

 | Shrink | Stay the same
Certain | 3 | 3
Uncertain | 1 | 3

Solution:
Let A be the event "the student was uncertain" and B be the event "the student believes the balloon will shrink".
To find the probability that a student was uncertain and believes the balloon will shrink, first identify the sample space and the event.
The outcomes in the sample space are the different students. Each student is equally likely to be selected, so this is a uniform probability model.
The event is A and B, "the student was uncertain and believes the balloon will shrink".
Since this is a uniform probability model, count the number of outcomes in the event A and B and count the total number of outcomes. Then, divide them to compute the probability.

Find the number of outcomes in the event A and B.
A and B is the event "the student was uncertain and believes the balloon will shrink", so look at the table to see how many students were uncertain and believe the balloon will shrink.
The number of students who were uncertain and believe the balloon will shrink is 1.

Find the total number of outcomes.
Add all the numbers in the table to find the total number of students.
3 + 1 + 3 + 3 = 10

Find P(A and B).
Since all outcomes are equally likely, the probability of event A and B is the number of outcomes in event A and B divided by the total number of outcomes.
P(A and B) = \frac{# of outcomes in A and B}{total # of outcomes}
 = \frac{1}{10}
The probability that a student was uncertain and believes the balloon will shrink is \frac{1}{10}.


Question: How much more does a race car ride cost than a helicopter ride?

Answer: 394

sailboat ride | $517.00
speedboat ride | $624.00
hot air balloon ride | $954.00
helicopter ride | $493.00
race car ride | $887.00

sailboat ride
speedboat ride
hot air balloon ride
helicopter ride
race car ride

Solution:
Subtract the price of a helicopter ride from the price of a race car ride.

$887.00 - $493.00 = $394.00

A race car ride costs $394.00 more than a helicopter ride.


Question: For a science fair project, Jamal tracked the temperature each day. How many temperature readings were at least 17°C but less than 44°C?

Answer: 17

Solution:
Find the row with stem 1. Count all the leaves greater than or equal to 7.

Count all the leaves in the rows with stems 2 and 3.

In the row with stem 4, count all the leaves less than 4.

You counted 17 leaves, which are blue in the stem-and-leaf plots above. 17 temperature readings were at least 17°C but less than 44°C.


Question: The aquarium's records showed how many tickets were sold in the past 4 days. On which day did the aquarium sell the fewest tickets?

Choices:
- Saturday
- Sunday
- Monday
- Tuesday

Answer: Monday

Day | Number of tickets
Saturday | 658
Sunday | 665
Monday | 612
Tuesday | 615

Solution:
Find the least number in the table. Remember to compare the numbers starting with the highest place value. The least number is 612.

Now find the corresponding day. Monday corresponds to 612.


Question: Look at the table. Then answer the question. At a price of $865, is there a shortage or a surplus?

Choices:
- shortage
- surplus

Answer: shortage

Solution: At the price of $865, the quantity demanded is greater than the quantity supplied. There is not enough of the good or service for sale at that price. So, there is a shortage.


Question: To determine whether people make fewer trips to the movies when the economy is bad, a reporter asked people how many movies they saw last month. How many people went to the movies more than 1 time?

Answer: 29

Number of trips | Frequency
0 | 9
1 | 11
2 | 19
3 | 10

Solution:
Find the rows for 2 and 3 times. Add the frequencies for these rows.

Add:

19 + 10 = 29

29 people went to the movies more than 1 time.


Question: A chef kept track of the number of bananas people ate last week in her cafeteria. How many people ate at least 1 banana last week?

Answer: 16

Bananas eaten | Frequency
0 | 20
1 | 0
2 | 9
3 | 7

Solution:
Find the rows for 1, 2, and 3 bananas last week. Add the frequencies for these rows.

Add:

0 + 9 + 7 = 16

16 people ate at least 1 banana last week.


Question: Each shelf has 2 blocks of cheese. How many blocks of cheese are on 4 shelves?

Answer: 8

Number of shelves | Number of blocks of cheese
1 | 2
2 | 4
3 | 6
4 | ?

Solution: Count by twos. Use the chart: there are 8 blocks of cheese on 4 shelves.


Question: The newspaper photographer logged how many pictures he had taken during the past 4 days. On which day did the photographer take the most pictures?

Choices:
- Friday
- Saturday
- Sunday
- Monday

Answer: Sunday

Day | Number of pictures
Friday | 28
Saturday | 21
Sunday | 29
Monday | 26

Solution:
Find the greatest number in the table. Remember to compare the numbers starting with the highest place value. The greatest number is 29.

Now find the corresponding day. Sunday corresponds to 29.


Question: A restaurant's average food preparation time was tracked from day to day as part of an efficiency improvement program. According to the table, what was the rate of change between Friday and Saturday?

Answer: -11

Day | Food preparation time (minutes)
Tuesday | 5
Wednesday | 17
Thursday | 21
Friday | 50
Saturday | 39

Solution:
Plug the numbers into the formula for rate of change and simplify.
Rate of change
 = \frac{change in value}{change in time}
 = \frac{39 minutes - 50 minutes}{1 day}
 = \frac{-11 minutes}{1 day}
 = -11 minutes per day
The rate of change between Friday and Saturday was - 11 minutes per day.


Question: For an assignment, Mark looked at which countries got the most Nobel Prizes in various decades. How many Nobel Prize winners did Germany have in the 1960s?

Answer: 10

Country | 1960s | 1970s
Germany | 10 | 9
Canada | 1 | 2
Japan | 2 | 2
France | 7 | 3

Solution:
First, find the row for Germany. Then find the number in the 1960 s column.

This number is 10. Germany had 10 Nobel Prize winners in the 1960 s.


Question: Each room has 5 people. How many people are in 5 rooms?

Answer: 25

Number of rooms | Number of people
1 | 5
2 | 10
3 | 15
4 | 20
5 | ?

Solution: Count by fives. Use the chart: there are 25 people in 5 rooms.


Question: A marketing research firm asked people how many times they visited the mall last month. How many people are there in all?

Answer: 38

Number of trips | Frequency
0 | 7
1 | 2
2 | 10
3 | 18
4 | 1

Solution:
Add the frequencies for each row.

Add:

7 + 2 + 10 + 18 + 1 = 38

There are 38 people in all.


Question: How much money does Ben need to buy a golf ball, a bicycle helmet, and a swimsuit?

Answer: 19.27

softball glove | $9.69
bicycle helmet | $8.14
baseball | $2.18
golf ball | $2.33
swimsuit | $8.80
bike horn | $5.86

softball glove
bicycle helmet
baseball
golf ball
swimsuit
bike horn

Solution:
Find the total cost of a golf ball, a bicycle helmet, and a swimsuit.

$2.33 + $8.14 + $8.80 = $19.27

Ben needs $19.27.


Question: Principal Wilson reported the state test scores from some students at her school. What is the lowest score?

Answer: 13

Solution:
Look at the first row of the stem-and-leaf plot. The first row has the lowest stem. The stem for the first row is 1.

Now find the lowest leaf in the first row. The lowest leaf is 3.

The lowest score has a stem of 1 and a leaf of 3. Write the stem first, then the leaf: 13.

The lowest score is 13 points.


Question: The table shows a function. Is the function linear or nonlinear?

Choices:
- linear
- nonlinear

Answer: nonlinear

Solution:
To determine whether the function is linear or nonlinear, see whether it has a constant rate of change.
Pick the points in any two rows of the table and calculate the rate of change between them. The first two rows are a good place to start.
Call the values in the first row x1 and y1. Call the values in the second row x2 and y2.
Rate of change = \frac{y2 - y1}{x2 - x1}
 = \frac{6 - 13}{5 - 4}
 = \frac{-7}{1}
 = -7
Now pick any other two rows and calculate the rate of change between them.
Call the values in the second row x1 and y1. Call the values in the third row x2 and y2.
Rate of change = \frac{y2 - y1}{x2 - x1}
 = \frac{0 - 6}{6 - 5}
 = \frac{-6}{1}
 = -6
The rate of change is not the same for each pair of points. So, the function does not have a constant rate of change.
The function is nonlinear.


Question: How much more does a denim jacket cost than a blue sweater?

Answer: 0.15

denim jacket | $15.59
blue sweater | $15.44
winter jacket | $38.19
green sweatshirt | $15.80

denim jacket
blue sweater
winter jacket
green sweatshirt

Solution:
Subtract the price of a blue sweater from the price of a denim jacket.

$15.59 - $15.44 = $0.15

A denim jacket costs $0.15 more than a blue sweater.


Question: Some players on a co-ed basketball team compared the total number of points they scored over the course of a year. What fraction of the points were scored by Craig? Simplify your answer.

Answer: 11/38

Player | Points scored
Polly | 50
Barry | 120
Craig | 110
Other | 100

Solution:
Find how many points Craig scored.

110

Find how many points the players scored in total.

50 + 120 + 110 + 100 = 380

Divide 110 by 380.

\frac{110}{380}

Reduce the fraction.

\frac{110}{380} → \frac{11}{38}

\frac{11}{38} of points Craig scored.


Question: A game show program recorded the scores of its contestants. How many contestants scored more than 7?

Answer: 24

Solution:
Find the rows for 8, 9, and 10. Add the frequencies for these rows.

Add:

8 + 9 + 7 = 24

24 contestants scored more than 7.


Question: How much more does a shiny red bead cost than a tiny gold bead?

Answer: 0.50

square yellow bead | $0.81
tiny gold bead | $0.19
orange glass bead | $0.74
shiny red bead | $0.69

square yellow bead
tiny gold bead
orange glass bead
shiny red bead

Solution:
Subtract the price of a tiny gold bead from the price of a shiny red bead.

$0.69 - $0.19 = $0.50

A shiny red bead costs $0.50 more than a tiny gold bead.


Question: Julia bought 1/2 of a pound of baked chicken. How much did she spend?

Answer: 4.50

breaded chicken | $7/pound
roast chicken | $3/pound
baked chicken | $9/pound
curried chicken | $7/pound
fried chicken | $10/pound
sauteed chicken | $6/pound

breaded chicken
roast chicken
baked chicken
curried chicken
fried chicken
sauteed chicken

Solution:
Find the cost of the baked chicken. Multiply the price per pound by the number of pounds.
$9 × \frac{1}{2} = $9 × 0.5 = $4.50
She spent $4.50.


Question: Look at the following schedule. Which stop does the train depart from at 2.45 A.M.?

Choices:
- Newberg
- Lakeside
- Princeton
- Oakland

Answer: Princeton

Princeton Westminster Newberg Belleville Stamford Oakland Salem Oakdale Lakeside

Solution: Find 2:45 A. M. on the schedule. The train departs from Princeton at 2:45 A. M.


Question: Look at the following schedule. Which activity ends at 7.10 P.M.?

Choices:
- dodgeball
- volleyball
- line dancing
- floor hockey

Answer: line dancing

Activity | Begin | End
indoor soccer | 7:50 A.M. | 9:30 A.M.
aerobics | 9:45 A.M. | 11:05 A.M.
floor hockey | 11:10 A.M. | 12:35 P.M.
dodgeball | 12:45 P.M. | 2:10 P.M.
volleyball | 2:15 P.M. | 2:45 P.M.
gymnastics | 2:55 P.M. | 4:30 P.M.
badminton | 4:35 P.M. | 5:10 P.M.
yoga | 5:25 P.M. | 6:35 P.M.
line dancing | 6:40 P.M. | 7:10 P.M.

indoor soccer
aerobics
floor hockey
dodgeball
volleyball
gymnastics
badminton
yoga
line dancing

Solution: Find 7:10 P. M. on the schedule. Line dancing ends at 7:10 P. M.


Question: The table shows a function. Is the function linear or nonlinear?

Choices:
- linear
- nonlinear

Answer: nonlinear

Solution:
To determine whether the function is linear or nonlinear, see whether it has a constant rate of change.
Pick the points in any two rows of the table and calculate the rate of change between them. The first two rows are a good place to start.
Call the values in the first row x1 and y1. Call the values in the second row x2 and y2.
Rate of change = \frac{y2 - y1}{x2 - x1}
 = \frac{13 - 6}{10 - 9}
 = \frac{7}{1}
 = 7
Now pick any other two rows and calculate the rate of change between them.
Call the values in the first row x1 and y1. Call the values in the third row x2 and y2.
Rate of change = \frac{y2 - y1}{x2 - x1}
 = \frac{18 - 6}{11 - 9}
 = \frac{12}{2}
 = 6
The rate of change is not the same for each pair of points. So, the function does not have a constant rate of change.
The function is nonlinear.


Question: A stock broker followed the stock prices of a certain set of companies. On Tuesday, how much more did Jonas Incorporated's stock cost than Houston Sporting Goods's stock?

Answer: 4

Company | Monday | Tuesday
Watson and Partners | $8 | $2
Computer Data Company | $12 | $7
Jonas Incorporated | $10 | $9
Houston Sporting Goods | $4 | $5

Watson and Partners
Computer Data Company
Jonas Incorporated
Houston Sporting Goods

Solution:
Find the Tuesday column. Find the numbers in this column for Jonas Incorporated and Houston Sporting Goods.

Jonas Incorporated: $9.00
Houston Sporting Goods: $5.00

Now subtract:

$9.00 − $5.00 = $4.00

On Tuesday Jonas Incorporated's stock cost $4 more than Houston Sporting Goods's stock.


Question: A gymnast jotted down the number of cartwheels she did each day. What is the mode of the numbers?

Answer: 3

Day | Number of cartwheels
Friday | 3
Saturday | 7
Sunday | 3
Monday | 4
Tuesday | 7
Wednesday | 3

Friday Saturday Sunday Monday Tuesday Wednesday

Solution:
Read the numbers from the table.

3, 7, 3, 4, 7, 3

First, arrange the numbers from least to greatest:

3, 3, 3, 4, 7, 7

Now count how many times each number appears.

3 appears 3 times.
4 appears 1 time.
7 appears 2 times.

The number that appears most often is 3.

The mode is 3.


Question: Sue has $54.00. Does she have enough to buy a bicycle and a swimsuit?

Choices:
- yes
- no

Answer: no

softball glove | $21.00
swimsuit | $15.00
bowling ball | $40.00
bicycle helmet | $16.00
bicycle | $43.00

softball glove
swimsuit
bowling ball
bicycle helmet
bicycle

Solution:
Add the price of a bicycle and the price of a swimsuit:

$43.00 + $15.00 = $58.00

$58.00 is more than $54.00. Sue does not have enough money.


Question: What is the total cost for 4 pounds of breaded chicken and 3 pounds of fried chicken?

Answer: 45

fried chicken | $7/lb
breaded chicken | $6/lb
sauteed chicken | $3/lb
baked chicken | $3/lb

fried chicken
breaded chicken
sauteed chicken
baked chicken

Solution:
Find the cost of the breaded chicken. Multiply:

$6 × 4 = $24

Find the cost of the fried chicken. Multiply:

$7 × 3 = $21

Now find the total cost by adding:

$24 + $21 = $45

The total cost is $45.


Question: How much more does a pumpkin pie cost than a strawberry cheesecake?

Answer: 0.24

pumpkin pie | $8.95
almond tart | $8.12
cherry pie | $9.36
pineapple upside-down cake | $8.16
pecan pie | $5.13
strawberry cheesecake | $8.71

pumpkin pie
almond tart
cherry pie
pineapple upside-down cake
pecan pie
strawberry cheesecake

Solution:
Subtract the price of a strawberry cheesecake from the price of a pumpkin pie.

$8.95 - $8.71 = $0.24

A pumpkin pie costs $0.24 more than a strawberry cheesecake.


Question: Patrick has $1.00. Does he have enough to buy a yellow pepper and a plum?

Choices:
- yes
- no

Answer: yes

plum | $0.37
tangerine | $0.25
pear | $0.30
yellow pepper | $0.53
banana | $0.49
lemon | $0.40

plum
tangerine
pear
yellow pepper
banana
lemon

Solution:
Add the price of a yellow pepper and the price of a plum:

$0.53 + $0.37 = $0.90

$0.90 is less than $1.00. Patrick does have enough money.


Question: How much would it cost to buy 4+3/4 pounds of tangerines?

Answer: 9.50

tangerines | $2 per lb
lemons | $1 per lb
limes | $2 per lb
grapefruits | $2 per lb

Solution:
Find the cost of the tangerines. Multiply the price per pound by the number of pounds.
$2 × 4\frac{3}{4} = $2 × 4.75 = $9.50
It would cost $9.50.