README.md

---
language:
- it
tags:
- paraphrase
- italian
- synthetic
dataset_info:
  features:
  - name: id
    dtype: int32
  - name: sentence1
    dtype: string
  - name: sentence2
    dtype: string
  - name: label
    dtype:
      class_label:
        names:
          '0': '0'
          '1': '1'
  splits:
  - name: train
    num_bytes: 12714604
    num_examples: 49401
  - name: test
    num_bytes: 509309
    num_examples: 1977
  - name: validation
    num_bytes: 511699
    num_examples: 2000
---

[![Paper](https://img.shields.io/badge/📄%20Paper-arXiv%3A2512.07538-B31B1B.svg)](https://arxiv.org/pdf/2512.07538)


# PAWS-X Italian Paraphrase Dataset

This dataset is a machine-translated Italian version of the English PAWS-X dataset. The original PAWS-X dataset (Yang et al. 2019) is a multilingual version of PAWS (Zhang et al. 2019) for paraphrase identification.

## Dataset Structure

### Data Fields

- `sentence1`: First sentence in the pair
- `sentence2`: Second sentence in the pair
- `labels`:
  - 0: Non-paraphrases
  - 1: Paraphrases

### Data Splits

The dataset is split into:
- Training set
- Validation set
- Test set


This dataset has been created within the _SwissGov-RSD: A Human-annotated, Cross-lingual Benchmark for Token-level Recognition of Semantic Differences Between Related Documents_ project:

```bibtex
@misc{wastl2025swissgovrsdhumanannotatedcrosslingualbenchmark,
      title={SwissGov-RSD: A Human-annotated, Cross-lingual Benchmark for Token-level Recognition of Semantic Differences Between Related Documents}, 
      author={Michelle Wastl and Jannis Vamvas and Rico Sennrich},
      year={2025},
      eprint={2512.07538},
      archivePrefix={arXiv},
      primaryClass={cs.CL},
      url={https://arxiv.org/abs/2512.07538}, 
}
```