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Section 609 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 40 41 42 43 44 45 46 6-9 | Placing Reinforcing Bars.pdf |
TABLE OF CONTENTS CHAPTER 1: SAFETY PRECAUTIO NS........................................ 1-1 CHAPTER 2: INTRODUCTl O N...................................................... 2-1 CHAPTER 3: CONCRETE AND REINFORCED CONCRETE-DEFINITIONS................................................................................. 3-1 CH... | Placing Reinforcing Bars.pdf |
CHAPTER 6 REINFORCING STEEL-PURPOSE AND LOCATION IN CONCRETE................................................. 6-1 -······--·····················-···· ···--·····-···································-···· 6-1 Longiludlnal Rofnl OICOmllnt rn Simple 8eam·····-·······--··-----8-4 Stlm. l>s In--------···-···········-·········... | Placing Reinforcing Bars.pdf |
CHAPTER 8: UNLOADING, STORING AND HANDLING REINFORCING BARS AT THE JOBSITE...-·-·····-·-··-············· 8-1 o......,....--.........-...................... ·-··----.... ··-····.. ··-·... s-1 SLWface Condklon or e. w......---·---·....................... __..... 8-2 tlo<sw,g......-.........-...... ·-·····-·······-.......... | Placing Reinforcing Bars.pdf |
CHAPTER 13: PLACING REINFORCING BARS IN FLOORS AND ROOFS............................................................... 13-1 Two-Woy FIii Slal>I--················-······-··· ······-····--······-1312 Two-Way Flat Plat""-----··············--·········-······-·······-13·16 Two-Way Wa~ Slsbs.......,.. _........................ | Placing Reinforcing Bars.pdf |
CHAPTER 16: HIGHWAY ANO AIRPORT PAVEMENTS 16·1 Cenera L................ 16-1 Con&>uously Rctnlo Rled Conc:teco Pawmenl ___.........-.......................... _.... 16-1 Jointed Re'rdofted Concrete Peve1Tt C111L..,,,,,..-...,,,..... _..,,,,.,... __,,,,,..,. _,,.. 16-$ Plain Conaete Pavement with Weakened Plane or Sa W9... | Placing Reinforcing Bars.pdf |
CHAPTER 4 REINFORCED CONCRETE BUILDING CONSTRUCTION GENERAL Reinforced concrete building construction usually consists of roof and Ooor systems supported by bearing walls and columns. Columns and walls are supp Qrted by found. ltion, of V>1ryi D11 typ<s; each particularly soiled to the soil conditions. It will be helpf... | Placing Reinforcing Bars.pdf |
SLAB-BEAM-AND-GIRDER FLOOR SYSTEMS In this floor system, sholvn in Fig. 4-7, lhe slabs, beams and girders m cas1 at,he same time. A beam o. nd a girder ue similar in func:tion c,i:cepl that 11 gilder usually is larger and more heavily reinforced because it is designed ID suppon lhe IO&d lrom the beams dial li'amo into ... | Placing Reinforcing Bars.pdf |
CHAPTERS REINFORCING STEEL-PURPOSE AND LOCATION IN CONCRETE GENERAL As previously explained in Chapter 3~ coccrctc is strong in (:. c. >mprt;s!iion, b Lt relatively_ weak in tension and st:car. Generally, wher~~r ren~1on i~ cue. ~L. the concrete is rcinforc. cd,vith rt;info Tt;mg ::. 1cel Quillily control of both concr... | Placing Reinforcing Bars.pdf |
,, ( ~ is a mon:: complc. ~ force lbm !'. implc lctllion or comprc~s Iun A com mon example is a bolted !ap joint fn steel plates., produc~ what is called sin2le shear. In reinforced concrete, this is best illustrated by a loaded col wnn corbel. Both oxmplcs of sln&fc: shear arc shown in Fig. &-2. Bolted Joint-Single S... | Placing Reinforcing Bars.pdf |
n a loaded beam or s Jab both vc1 liwl and hori1. ontal shear are prcsent..lrul the net result of the 1wo fo~ is cctlled beam shear. !1\ era-ck resulting from these forces can occur near the support and exte;xls upward and oul\. \'3. «l at ~c of awro:iumately to the top. These forces are also p~1l m an elevated slab. _... | Placing Reinforcing Bars.pdf |
( LONGITUDINAL REINFORCEMENT IN SIMPLE BEAMS Simple beams (also simple slabs,joisis, and girders) supponing loads usumc the dellceled shape as shown in Fig. 6-7. loads Longitud inal Steel loaded Member Deflected Sl\ope Fig. 5.. 7 Simplo Beam The top of the beam is in compression (pushing tog<:lber action) and the bot ... | Placing Reinforcing Bars.pdf |
REINFORCEMENT IN CONTINUOUS BEAMS Contlnoous Bwns {or Sllibs) which cxrend o Y<r more than enc span, dttlocc down wan! bet\\-supports and bave reve,sed airvature ave, each mterior sup port, as il IUSlrn... S in l'ig. ~9. This require. s tension ~info,cing steel in Ille bottom of the beam between supports and in the to... | Placing Reinforcing Bars.pdf |
SHRINKAGE ANO TEMPERATURE REINFORCEMENT 1ensioo stresses in concrete can be caused by rapidly changing temperatures or when the curing pl OCC:$il or the concrete hu been 11CCclcratcd, which causes shrialaige as the concn:lc hardens. Reioforcerneot is needed to hold the re ulling cracks ti&hlly IO(;elhcr. A aood exnmpl... | Placing Reinforcing Bars.pdf |
In continuous beams (those which ha YC more than two supports), the com pression in conetete is sometimes high in the bottom near a support. For this reason. and for the structural integrity requirements of the Building Code, some bottom n:inforcing bars arc extended and spliced with the bars in an adjoccnt span. REIN... | Placing Reinforcing Bars.pdf |
/ J l Table 7-1 ASTM Standard Roinforcing B;us Nominal Dimensions Bar Size Area. in. 2 Weight, Iba/It Oiamotor, fn. #3 0. 11 0. 3711 0. 375 114 0. 20 0. 668 0. 500 #5 0. 31, 04a o. ois 1/fi 0. 44 1. 502 0. 750 #7 0. 60 2. 044 0. 875 #8 0. 79 2. 670 1. 000 #9 1,00 3,400 1. 128 #10 127 4. 303 1270 #11 1. 56 5. 313 1. 410... | Placing Reinforcing Bars.pdf |
( IDENTIFICATION OF DEFORMED REINFORCING BARS With the diffetent iypes. grades, and sizes ""i. lable. it is necessary 10 provide sonle means of bar identification. 11tc AS IM spcc:if,c:cuions rc~3t c~f..h llar P~cer roll olll O the r<info~ o) A lotter or symbol to show the Producer's mill, b) A number corrc,oponding to... | Placing Reinforcing Bars.pdf |
H s Typo of Stool a... C1l'OOll(Al,I I) w..... ~~70lf) $$...-~"'9551 R,_,,Ral~ l..--Re~ A.-,-. iw. l MN) CL.,. ~Clwn't~,OM) CM.-~O! Rllli<,\~ cs-~Clu'«rba(A1"36) Grade Martt or Line s.. a. bflt DIIOw Minimum Yield Designation Grade of steel Grade Mark Grade Line" 40 blank no Unes 50 blank no lines 60 60 111na 75 75 2li... | Placing Reinforcing Bars.pdf |
SPIRALS Spirals arc used in spjra JJ. Y-rcinforccd coluptns_, piers, and pjles_,,m C arc made ~rormcd bars, Ql.. plain om r Wirt tie, I 10 a spcc,fied diarne1cr~ hape-;mllhtr to 1h01 Qf. 1 <. oiled spnn.,g. TI1e sp,adng of 1he bnr or wire is illl ponanr and spacers are sometimes provided co hold this spacing (known a. ... | Placing Reinforcing Bars.pdf |
djocen1 ID lhc 1wo or bundled loose wilb lhc spiral for :lltac:llmcnt at 1hejob site. a,:ing the S{). 'tcers on oppostle sides of1he :spinal penmb the spird. l to be; ship J!Cd flat or '·coll. !l)sed," reqmrin~ space for <torage and shipmen L At the jobsi1c, the,pirals arc opened, and the spacers shifted so lhcy ore a... | Placing Reinforcing Bars.pdf |
or 1hc General Con1ro C10<. The U50 or the cnne or hoist is dependent on ar rangements made in advance by the lronwortcer foreman. Fig. 8-1 Rninforcing Bars Stored at Jobsite When tl1e reinforcing bor. ! arc unloaded to the storage area, it i important that the location of the ami be selccte(l for eosy access by tt UC... | Placing Reinforcing Bars.pdf |
Mill scale occurs ti the time the reinforcing bars m manufactun:d (rolled) and resulrs from cooling the hot meal. Loose rus, ar. d scale is usua ly re moved when the bars are handled and loodcd in the fabric.-. ating shop_, or in ll!ll®d!!Jg_;irul honil)mg at tho. J®'il JC Thtli Jiill_ni>t <!illl><le """"~ the bars ls ... | Placing Reinforcing Bars.pdf |
When hoi$ting bundles or n:infon:iog ban roughly 30 feet or longer, depend ing on the bar size (smaller bars flex more), it may be necessary to use a spn,a<ler beam,.. hown in Fig. 8-3, so tho n:inforcing bars will not bend excessily. A,prcad<r bc.,m allow, thc 1011d 10 be lifted vcmcully wllhout inducmgahori,. ootal ... | Placing Reinforcing Bars.pdf |
CHAPTER 10 BAR SUPPORTS GENERAL Bar supports are imended to maintain L'le location of the reinforcing bars durt l. 11_,g 1hc coocre1e pl. xcmont They 11Jso ensure proper conercte CO¥Ct is provided ovc-r the rcinforocmcnt and proper design depth is achieved. Concn:le oovcr is very imporn<nt in concrete oomlruclion bc<;a... | Placing Reinforcing Bars.pdf |
Bar supports may be made of Slccl wire, pn,cut concre1e, or cornposiu, mate rial. Illustrations of wlre bor supports, prcco Sl concrcic blocks, and composite bar supports are presented in Tables I 0-1, I 0-2, aod 10-3, respecli>dy. For moo, in formation on bar supports, see Chapter 3 of CRSI\ Manual q/Standani Practi... | Placing Reinforcing Bars.pdf |
\ Table 10-3 T pica! Types and Sizes of Plastic Relnforcemenl Supports-BAI !rft AT 11. LUSTAAID......----" IA--.... I It---~---_, ~---.....--~ n ~......... ..,.. ' H,0,,~ ·-...., A fl, ".............. a-\I... -,... A.. _...... I, /--.... ~~,... _-...... l_,. ..,.....-_....-... ----·-~....-..,ier~~--..,t!Qi;o W... M--~... | Placing Reinforcing Bars.pdf |
( l CONCRETE COVER OR PROTECTION The proper amoont of concrete co. <:r on the,:einforoing bars is very importmt The Enginca specifics the amount of concrete protection for each J)IUt of the stt Ucturc and bases the design on these cover rcquircmc n1S, laking into consid, enition the requirements of building codes, fin... | Placing Reinforcing Bars.pdf |
Where not spcci~fotlowing nun,murn concttrc cover (o~b,1de of ~ face of concrete) stould be obs«ved· J. inches at sides where coocrctc is cast ag_afost the ground and on bottoms of footmi S or other 1>rinc1pol ~trucrural mcmbtrs where conl.-rctc is pt. ccd on S!l!\Uld. (f!&. ll;l(all ~-2 inches for bars larger man #5, ... | Placing Reinforcing Bars.pdf |
( 2. Tolerance for d>e loogjtudinal localion of bend., arod ends of reinforcing bars should be ±2 inches, excq,c at discontinuous ends of strucrural mem bers where the tolerance should be ± I inch. 3. As long as the tocal number of reinforcing bars n,quired is maintained, a reasonable tolerance in spacing individual b... | Placing Reinforcing Bars.pdf |
Section 609 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 40 41 6-9 | Placing Reinforcing Bars.pdf |
( ... LEuct Spacing Not Ct11lcol Total Number of Bars 1s VERY ffl PC)rtant Fig. 11-4 Bars ln Slabs and Wallo As loog as the totll number of rcinfurcing btil S specified is maintained, a rea SON1ble tolerance in spacing individual bars is,t J inches, except where open ings, inscr18, or cmbcdcled items, might require s... | Placing Reinforcing Bars.pdf |
<D \.-...,. 11~ @ rnr; ~..... ~ . '·:",'; *' j Jttr~. ::· ... j ·,J~~-c. Hl3A$Sll'Ull'la) @ w··--.., ,J-~~ d t., -. GAS~IR> ·im~·-·· ~--,. f Fig. 11-15 One-Way Slab Main Flexural Reinfon;ing Bar5 11-14 Cc,ncnte Reinron;lng S<oel- Section 609 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 ... | Placing Reinforcing Bars.pdf |
G) ··. i _,_--...-,-,i..... _,,,,,,_.._......... ~---......-......i,,,,. Fig. 11-16 One-Way Slab Shrinkage and Temperature Reinforcing Bars Plac;1111 Reinforeing a..-10th Edllon 11-15 Section 609 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 6-9 | Placing Reinforcing Bars.pdf |
, I Cbrificatio n of Field Bending as 0ppo Jed to Field Rca Ugnment : Field Bending-The. first initial bcod in a bar. Field Realignment-T o altc:r the angle or existing position of a bar. When it is necessary to field bend or field realign bars the followil1g item should be reviewed: I. Engineer's approval 2. Safety co... | Placing Reinforcing Bars.pdf |
Q111:§+ Fig. 11-18 Maxfm1. 111 Olmonslon-8undles of Bent Bars for Truck Oelive,y Trucking regulations in various states and cities often limit the maximwn lcmgth and width of reinforcing bars (see Fig. 11-18). Sometimes long,:r lengths can be shipped by rail or wate L Bending dimensions ofu:n govem the length that cam ... | Placing Reinforcing Bars.pdf |
\ fonni Qg or excavation operations in order to allow the Ironworker to propeny and efficiently p. lace the reinforcing steel. Bolll ""'WO spbcc<I, u,uolly by lapp11111, wlicn used uh Orizenlal bani on wolls, M1,pcr,1ure 1111d shnok.,ge bars in,labs, or v,,rtical bars extending through bori70!1Ull construel100 Jou,t S-... | Placing Reinforcing Bars.pdf |
Footing Dowtts.-L:tp Spfice to vel'tk. a J wan Bat'I T t.-l Me.-tl,1"..... (Of C......\~..,,.. ___ ~U i,Spliee (Preferred),-·w'" ,_ I '-~ n,a,lfootlrle~ Lap Splice-Horlzo nl I Wd Bars, l. Ongll Udl nel Footing 8at S & Oow~I Non,C. ontac;t Lap SPk Joist Cou1ruc1ron~Temperat u,. Relnfotcemo nt U. slng Wekled Wire Reinfo... | Placing Reinforcing Bars.pdf |
MECHANICAL SPLICES There are two ga,aal types of proprielal)I mecbanical splices: (a) those used to ttansfer te,ision and/or compression forces, and (b) end-bearing splices used for compression-only rcquircmenls. Brief descriptions and illu,,118lions of some commercially available propriewy mccbanical splices follow. S... | Placing Reinforcing Bars.pdf |
11 is 11()( inrendcd Iha! n:infon:ing bm saw-cul for tension mechanical splices meet the above AC! Building Code lolcrances for cod-bearing (compression) splices for maximum deviation and gop, Refer to manu&crun:r of tension-compressio n mcdwrical spliccs for maxi mwn end deviation of shear cut or fl-I reinforcitlg ba... | Placing Reinforcing Bars.pdf |
There are several lypes of welded bult splices, some dirccl and otbtrn indim:t which use angles, plres or sleeves. The direct splices a,c illu<1n11cd in Fig. I I 36 and require special cutting or sawing oftbe bar ends. Direel butt joiol T_ypc:s (I) and (2) ore nonnally used in horizonial position and lypes (3) and (4) ... | Placing Reinforcing Bars.pdf |
I ! HEADED REINFORCING BARS An alternate, effective way to fttlly aaclior or dev<:lop reinfuccing bars in ten sion within n:latively sh<xt cmbedment lenglhs is to use headed reinforcing bars nithc-r 1llan bars wilh stru1dord hooks. Headed bars consist ofa nut orplatc, h2ving eid,er a row,d, elliptical or l<dangular sh... | Placing Reinforcing Bars.pdf |
Fig. 11-38 Tying Reinfon:ing Bars Twes or Ties. \la. "10US lypes of oes are ll'rod,vhcn sccunng remforcing bars. Much of lhctying is doru: oo fla~ horizontal funnl'l>lk1>11<b'"' ffoor sl. t,, S<;v cral of the mosl oommon lypcs ofltes an: tllustratcd 1n r,_g. 11-19 ~od di,;cnbtd as ronows: ...... Fig, 11~9 Typos of Tie... | Placing Reinforcing Bars.pdf |
I \ Detnil A. The Snop oc Sini:Je Tie is normally 11s,:d JO 6a1, hori1. oc11. 1J w Qlt to secure Ulc rcwforcing 6irs i. n position agn!nst dl. $,J>!. 3cdn&IL due to \lo'Ork docc bx_olhcr trades and during concrete placement This is a very simple tie, aoo is wrapped once a:rouod the two crossing. b:!ts in d1agorul m. un... | Placing Reinforcing Bars.pdf |
Ootail Th~ Fi'"""' t:ii;M ·ne is often wrcd in place of tho saddle tie and snap and wrap tie. Howew,r, Ole figure eight tie does not olfe,· the holding strength of the saddle tie. The figure eight tie can also be tied using an additional wrap arowid ooc bar to iocruse the holding strength (simibr to a wrap and snap or ... | Placing Reinforcing Bars.pdf |
Plan View of Top of F-ooting Im----Plan View of Bottom of Foo Ung Stal'ldn 0t Spedal Suppoct Bv Support SI de Elevation of Footing I ! ·--~-' I. Fig. 12-11 Combined Footing Bars MAT OR RAFT SLAB FOUNDATIONS Sometimes a sin&I slab of reinforced concrete is used underneath all of the columns or walls of a structure, tudn... | Placing Reinforcing Bars.pdf |
( dmwinp, Where rcinf Ol<ina bars an, laj> spliced to mab upa CXJ11tin UOUJ line of reinforcemen~ the 11umber or 011Crlapping bars of each length is shown. II is ibc r,:spomibility of the General CM=nr to pcv,,ide a linn le-vol subgnldc in acconluncc with the struclllllll drawings and within colen,nces Speeilied in tho... | Placing Reinforcing Bars.pdf |
normal industty practice, llllless by special arranganc:nt with lb<: Ocneral Q,ntmo. mror Plocet Unleos og JCC<I to between ihe Buyer and 010 Seller, ihcse materials will not be inoludcd in tho Supplier's bid. CL Fig. 12-12 Bar Supports for Foundation Mats N'Glf:t! l'lain Ccnau e Skd AI. Pl:utic Clair willh Base Plazc:... | Placing Reinforcing Bars.pdf |
\ WALLS Basement walls are teinfo,ced in eilber one or both &ees. The rcinfom:mem usually couslsls of wnical and hori:rontal ban IO form a mat or cuiwn. The larger, more closely-spaced bars may bo ei Uier wnical or horiton1al, depending on the design. The')' arc usually placed nearer to U,e sarfuce or face of the wall.... | Placing Reinforcing Bars.pdf |
Relcrcnce is made IO Fig. 13-1 in cnrrying oul o,e following mp. by-step plac ing seq,ience for deep, heavily reinforced beam., that cannot be prea,semb!ed: Step 1-Bm ~f'li (two rows minimum) are sel loogii..dinal ly on the beam soffit fonn, or individual suppons a. re SJ>llced :'It 5 feel on center ma~i, mum. See Fig... | Placing Reinforcing Bars.pdf |
Form tics, nchon, lnse. ns and otht. r items., nae directly related to reinforcing bar placing, Clll be in. slallcd before oc after the bars are placed. Such install rioos may be tbe worl< of olher trades. Cooperation of the lrooworker Supervi sor and his workers with the supervisors and wodc. crs in the other trades ... | Placing Reinforcing Bars.pdf |
.. CONTINUOUS BAR ON BAR aw RS C 3'-0-o. c. OR UPPER JOIST Cl-WR <r (. vi 4 ·. ()" 1-r. vl MAX C,.,AX) :r-O"o. c. ~1.. ('13) ~ SECTION A-A JOIST ELEVATION NOTES: l. ff ERJOCST Qt AIR ~ ALTERNATE SECTION A-A I, Har SIQIOf U fl. IC a,,::IICdll Y not pn:widcd for tcq,,mn. t!'Hh~ wetded WW'II ttln(o. ctmclllit or mofcn'ffl... | Placing Reinforcing Bars.pdf |
\_'§~~'--. c..,,, Fig. 137 Su,Qportin9 Top Bats in a Joist Some joists may be doubl and even iriplo tho strutdr<I joist width and hvc eitber double or triple the amounts of reinforcing bars or petbap S a smaller number ofla,ger sized bars. Because joist chair. ; :uc made to SUPt)()rt IWO rein forcing bars oc,ly, it ma... | Placing Reinforcing Bars.pdf |
,,_. q"P$plb \ I \ I See Placing Draw"1g for uo Splk:e Lengtfhs of Tem,:,. raturt Ban or W~ Wiro ~nfol'comont F g. 13-8 Joist Construction Temperatur-o Reinforcement Welded wire reinforoement (see Fig. 13-8), where used, is also typically placed on the outer most layer of bots. Ahhougll it may consist of equal sii. od ... | Placing Reinforcing Bars.pdf |
Fig. 13~ Lapped Slab Bolsters wi-the slab panel length is such that whole r;tock lengths of sfab bolstets do 1101 work out, a pert of the bolster lenglh mu. <t be cut in the field and reiaintd for 11se in compleons another line to P""""' a shonage and waste. ~o OJ. !......~ ime:,. __yf hohlers are placed not m<'!le tha... | Placing Reinforcing Bars.pdf |
CHAPTER 15 TRANSPORTATION STRUCTURES GENERAL Tran,;ponation slructures include bridges. box cul YC<1S, and smaller drainage structures. The mon: common types ofbridaes are the slab bri~, 1hc simple beam bridge, the rigid frame. the arch, and o,e bo, girder. The pi. acing of reinforcing_ steel io transpor-. ation ~t\lrc... | Placing Reinforcing Bars.pdf |
CHAPTER 16 HIGHWAY AND AIRPORT PAVEMENTS GENERAL Differences in design or concmc pavements among the transportation age cies of the Stntes:, Counties and Municir,ali1'i~ involve thickness; joint types and spacing; and the amount of reinforcing steel and its 1111Dg Cmc nt in the pavement. The thickness of a highway or a... | Placing Reinforcing Bars.pdf |
Section 609 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 6-9 | Placing Reinforcing Bars.pdf |
Table A-2 (PYCS lhe nominal dimension., for the twelve standard sius or de formed bars-#1 0 lo #64. The nominal dimensions ofa deformed bar (in cluding defonnations) are equivalent to thooc or a plain bar having the same wei&J,t per foot as U,e deformed bar. Steel mills produce reinfmcing bars to meet tl\e requiremen... | Placing Reinforcing Bars.pdf |
Section 609 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36 6-9 | Placing Reinforcing Bars.pdf |
Section 609 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 6-9 | Placing Reinforcing Bars.pdf |
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