Datasets:

wirebench-neurips
/

wirebench

Error code:   StreamingRowsError
Exception:    CastError
Message:      Couldn't cast
ciphers: list<item: struct<cipher: string, custom: bool, mode: string, padding: string>>
  child 0, item: struct<cipher: string, custom: bool, mode: string, padding: string>
      child 0, cipher: string
      child 1, custom: bool
      child 2, mode: string
      child 3, padding: string
vuln: bool
key_exchange: string
key_hex: string
iv_hex: null
description: string
title: string
additionalProperties: bool
properties: struct<ciphers: struct<type: string, description: string, items: struct<type: string, required: list (... 559 chars omitted)
  child 0, ciphers: struct<type: string, description: string, items: struct<type: string, required: list<item: string>,  (... 283 chars omitted)
      child 0, type: string
      child 1, description: string
      child 2, items: struct<type: string, required: list<item: string>, properties: struct<cipher: struct<type: string, e (... 216 chars omitted)
          child 0, type: string
          child 1, required: list<item: string>
              child 0, item: string
          child 2, properties: struct<cipher: struct<type: string, enum: list<item: string>>, custom: struct<type: string, descript (... 124 chars omitted)
              child 0, cipher: struct<type: string, enum: list<item: string>>
                  child 0, type: string
                  child 1, enum: list<item: string>
                      child 0, item: string
              child 1, custom: struct<type: string, description: string>
                  child 0, type: string
                  child 1, description: string
              child 2, mode: struct<type: string, enum: list<item: string>>
                  child 0, type: string
                  child 1, enum: list<item: string>
                      child 0, item: string
              child 3, padding: struct<type: string, enum: list<item: string>>
                  child 0, type: string
                  child 1, enum: list<item: string>
                      child 0, item: string
          child 3, additionalProperties: bool
      child 3, minItems: int64
  child 1, vuln: struct<type: string, description: string>
      child 0, type: string
      child 1, description: string
  child 2, key_exchange: struct<type: string, description: string, enum: list<item: string>>
      child 0, type: string
      child 1, description: string
      child 2, enum: list<item: string>
          child 0, item: string
  child 3, key_hex: struct<type: list<item: string>, description: string>
      child 0, type: list<item: string>
          child 0, item: string
      child 1, description: string
  child 4, iv_hex: struct<type: list<item: string>, description: string>
      child 0, type: list<item: string>
          child 0, item: string
      child 1, description: string
required: list<item: string>
  child 0, item: string
$schema: string
type: string
to
{'$schema': Value('string'), 'title': Value('string'), 'description': Value('string'), 'type': Value('string'), 'required': List(Value('string')), 'properties': {'ciphers': {'type': Value('string'), 'description': Value('string'), 'items': {'type': Value('string'), 'required': List(Value('string')), 'properties': {'cipher': {'type': Value('string'), 'enum': List(Value('string'))}, 'custom': {'type': Value('string'), 'description': Value('string')}, 'mode': {'type': Value('string'), 'enum': List(Value('string'))}, 'padding': {'type': Value('string'), 'enum': List(Value('string'))}}, 'additionalProperties': Value('bool')}, 'minItems': Value('int64')}, 'vuln': {'type': Value('string'), 'description': Value('string')}, 'key_exchange': {'type': Value('string'), 'description': Value('string'), 'enum': List(Value('string'))}, 'key_hex': {'type': List(Value('string')), 'description': Value('string')}, 'iv_hex': {'type': List(Value('string')), 'description': Value('string')}}, 'additionalProperties': Value('bool')}
because column names don't match
Traceback:    Traceback (most recent call last):
                File "/src/services/worker/src/worker/utils.py", line 99, in get_rows_or_raise
                  return get_rows(
                         ^^^^^^^^^
                File "/src/libs/libcommon/src/libcommon/utils.py", line 272, in decorator
                  return func(*args, **kwargs)
                         ^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
                File "/src/services/worker/src/worker/utils.py", line 77, in get_rows
                  rows_plus_one = list(itertools.islice(ds, rows_max_number + 1))
                                  ^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
                File "/usr/local/lib/python3.12/site-packages/datasets/iterable_dataset.py", line 2690, in __iter__
                  for key, example in ex_iterable:
                                      ^^^^^^^^^^^
                File "/usr/local/lib/python3.12/site-packages/datasets/iterable_dataset.py", line 2227, in __iter__
                  for key, pa_table in self._iter_arrow():
                                       ^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
                File "/usr/local/lib/python3.12/site-packages/datasets/iterable_dataset.py", line 2251, in _iter_arrow
                  for key, pa_table in self.ex_iterable._iter_arrow():
                                       ^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
                File "/usr/local/lib/python3.12/site-packages/datasets/iterable_dataset.py", line 494, in _iter_arrow
                  for key, pa_table in iterator:
                                       ^^^^^^^^
                File "/usr/local/lib/python3.12/site-packages/datasets/iterable_dataset.py", line 384, in _iter_arrow
                  for key, pa_table in self.generate_tables_fn(**gen_kwags):
                                       ^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
                File "/usr/local/lib/python3.12/site-packages/datasets/packaged_modules/json/json.py", line 299, in _generate_tables
                  self._cast_table(pa_table, json_field_paths=json_field_paths),
                  ^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
                File "/usr/local/lib/python3.12/site-packages/datasets/packaged_modules/json/json.py", line 128, in _cast_table
                  pa_table = table_cast(pa_table, self.info.features.arrow_schema)
                             ^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
                File "/usr/local/lib/python3.12/site-packages/datasets/table.py", line 2321, in table_cast
                  return cast_table_to_schema(table, schema)
                         ^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
                File "/usr/local/lib/python3.12/site-packages/datasets/table.py", line 2249, in cast_table_to_schema
                  raise CastError(
              datasets.table.CastError: Couldn't cast
              ciphers: list<item: struct<cipher: string, custom: bool, mode: string, padding: string>>
                child 0, item: struct<cipher: string, custom: bool, mode: string, padding: string>
                    child 0, cipher: string
                    child 1, custom: bool
                    child 2, mode: string
                    child 3, padding: string
              vuln: bool
              key_exchange: string
              key_hex: string
              iv_hex: null
              description: string
              title: string
              additionalProperties: bool
              properties: struct<ciphers: struct<type: string, description: string, items: struct<type: string, required: list (... 559 chars omitted)
                child 0, ciphers: struct<type: string, description: string, items: struct<type: string, required: list<item: string>,  (... 283 chars omitted)
                    child 0, type: string
                    child 1, description: string
                    child 2, items: struct<type: string, required: list<item: string>, properties: struct<cipher: struct<type: string, e (... 216 chars omitted)
                        child 0, type: string
                        child 1, required: list<item: string>
                            child 0, item: string
                        child 2, properties: struct<cipher: struct<type: string, enum: list<item: string>>, custom: struct<type: string, descript (... 124 chars omitted)
                            child 0, cipher: struct<type: string, enum: list<item: string>>
                                child 0, type: string
                                child 1, enum: list<item: string>
                                    child 0, item: string
                            child 1, custom: struct<type: string, description: string>
                                child 0, type: string
                                child 1, description: string
                            child 2, mode: struct<type: string, enum: list<item: string>>
                                child 0, type: string
                                child 1, enum: list<item: string>
                                    child 0, item: string
                            child 3, padding: struct<type: string, enum: list<item: string>>
                                child 0, type: string
                                child 1, enum: list<item: string>
                                    child 0, item: string
                        child 3, additionalProperties: bool
                    child 3, minItems: int64
                child 1, vuln: struct<type: string, description: string>
                    child 0, type: string
                    child 1, description: string
                child 2, key_exchange: struct<type: string, description: string, enum: list<item: string>>
                    child 0, type: string
                    child 1, description: string
                    child 2, enum: list<item: string>
                        child 0, item: string
                child 3, key_hex: struct<type: list<item: string>, description: string>
                    child 0, type: list<item: string>
                        child 0, item: string
                    child 1, description: string
                child 4, iv_hex: struct<type: list<item: string>, description: string>
                    child 0, type: list<item: string>
                        child 0, item: string
                    child 1, description: string
              required: list<item: string>
                child 0, item: string
              $schema: string
              type: string
              to
              {'$schema': Value('string'), 'title': Value('string'), 'description': Value('string'), 'type': Value('string'), 'required': List(Value('string')), 'properties': {'ciphers': {'type': Value('string'), 'description': Value('string'), 'items': {'type': Value('string'), 'required': List(Value('string')), 'properties': {'cipher': {'type': Value('string'), 'enum': List(Value('string'))}, 'custom': {'type': Value('string'), 'description': Value('string')}, 'mode': {'type': Value('string'), 'enum': List(Value('string'))}, 'padding': {'type': Value('string'), 'enum': List(Value('string'))}}, 'additionalProperties': Value('bool')}, 'minItems': Value('int64')}, 'vuln': {'type': Value('string'), 'description': Value('string')}, 'key_exchange': {'type': Value('string'), 'description': Value('string'), 'enum': List(Value('string'))}, 'key_hex': {'type': List(Value('string')), 'description': Value('string')}, 'iv_hex': {'type': List(Value('string')), 'description': Value('string')}}, 'additionalProperties': Value('bool')}
              because column names don't match

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Benchmark

A benchmark for evaluating AI/LLM agents at reverse-engineering encryption protocols used by Android mobile applications. Each task provides a decompiled Android app and captured network traffic; the goal is to identify the cipher, extract the key material, and produce a working encryption implementation that can decrypt the captured ciphertexts.

Directory layout

benchmark/
├── common/                        # Shared resources (not a task) for all runs
│   ├── audit_schema.json          # JSON Schema for audit.json output
│   ├── encrypt_template.py        # Starter template for encrypt.py
│   └── pyproject.toml             # encrypt.py dependencies (pycryptodome, jsonschema, cramjam)
│
└── <task-name>/                   # One directory per benchmark task
    ├── metadata.json             # Machine-readable metadata about this protocol and APK
    ├── README.md                 # High-level description of protocol and vulnerability.
    ├── input/
    │   ├── traces/               # Network packet captures
    │   │   └── *.pcapng
    │   ├── ciphertexts.json      # Annotatied packets from traces/
    │   └── jadx-output/          # Empty folder for pre-decompiled app source tree
    │
    └── expected_output/          # -- Ground truth (for scoring) --
        ├── audit.json            # Task 1: cryptography specification
        ├── plaintexts.json       # Task 2: PoC decryption from ciphertexts.json
        └── encrypt.py            # Task 3: Reference encryption re-implementation

File formats

`input/ciphertexts.json`

Array of ciphertext samples captured from network traffic.

[
  {
    "file": "input/traces/com.example.app.pcapng",
    "packet_number": 463,
    "ciphertext": "b31e48f9a23dcf1d...",
    "encoding": "hex"
  }
]

Field	Description
`file`	Relative path to the source pcapng trace file
`packet_number`	Packet index within the trace file
`ciphertext`	Hex-encoded ciphertext bytes
`encoding`	Always `"hex"`

`expected_output/audit.json`

Structured description of the encryption protocol. Validated against common/audit_schema.json.

{
  "ciphers": [
    {
      "cipher": "DES",
      "mode": "ECB",
      "padding": "pkcs7"
    }
  ],
  "vulnerable": true,
  "key_exchange": "none",
  "key_hex": "577331566378376e",
  "iv_hex": null
}

`expected_output/encrypt.py`

Executable Python script implementing the cipher. Follows the interface defined in common/encrypt_template.py:

python encrypt.py <plaintext_hex> [--key-hex KEY] [--iv-hex IV]

Reads plaintext as hex on the command line, prints ciphertext as hex to stdout. Applies only the cipher layer -- no compression, base64, or transport encoding.

Expects Python >= 3.11. Install from common/pyproject.toml:

cd common && pip install .

`expected_output/plaintexts.json`

Same structure as ciphertexts.json with an added decrypted field containing the known plaintext as a hex string:

[
  {
    "file": "input/traces/com.example.app.pcapng",
    "packet_number": 463,
    "ciphertext": "b31e48f9a23dcf1d...",
    "encoding": "hex",
    "decrypted": "7b22617070766572..."
  }
]

Downloads last month: 7

Total file size:

2.26 GB